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---LESSON_INFO--- Pelajaran Arduino: Membuat simulasi lampu lalu lintas dengan 3 LED.

Learning Objectives:

Mengontrol beberapa LED secara berurutan
Menerapkan pola sequence/timing dengan delay()
Merangkai 3 LED ke Arduino
Menggunakan const int untuk nama pin yang mudah dibaca

Prerequisites:

Hello, World!
LED Blink
Hello Serial
Button Input ---END_LESSON_INFO---

Traffic Light — Lampu Lalu Lintas

Proyek ini mensimulasikan lampu lalu lintas menggunakan 3 LED: merah, kuning, dan hijau. Kita akan mengontrol urutan nyala-mati LED persis seperti lampu lalu lintas sungguhan.

Urutan Lampu Lalu Lintas

1. MERAH menyala   (3 detik)  → Berhenti
2. KUNING menyala  (1 detik)  → Bersiap
3. HIJAU menyala   (3 detik)  → Jalan
4. KUNING menyala  (1 detik)  → Bersiap berhenti
5. Kembali ke MERAH...

Menggunakan Konstanta untuk Pin

Daripada mengingat nomor pin, gunakan konstanta bernama:

const int RED_PIN = 13;
const int YELLOW_PIN = 12;
const int GREEN_PIN = 11;

Keuntungan:

Kode lebih mudah dibaca: digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH) vs digitalWrite(13, HIGH)
Jika ingin ganti pin, cukup ubah di satu tempat

Mengontrol Beberapa LED

Setiap LED memerlukan pin output sendiri:

void setup() {
  pinMode(RED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(YELLOW_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(GREEN_PIN, OUTPUT);
}

Pastikan hanya satu LED menyala pada satu waktu:

// Nyalakan merah, matikan yang lain
digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(YELLOW_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);

Serial Monitor untuk Debugging

Cetak status lampu ke Serial Monitor agar mudah di-debug:

Serial.println("RED");
delay(3000);  // Merah menyala 3 detik

---EXERCISE---

Tantangan

Kode Arduino: Buat program yang mensimulasikan lampu lalu lintas:

Merah di pin 13 menyala selama 3 detik, cetak RED ke Serial
Kuning di pin 12 menyala selama 1 detik, cetak YELLOW ke Serial
Hijau di pin 11 menyala selama 3 detik, cetak GREEN ke Serial
Kuning lagi selama 1 detik, cetak YELLOW ke Serial
Ulangi dari merah

Pastikan hanya satu LED yang menyala pada satu waktu!

Rangkaian: Hubungkan 3 LED ke Arduino:

Pin 13 → LED Merah (Anode A), Cathode C → GND
Pin 12 → LED Kuning (Anode A), Cathode C → GND
Pin 11 → LED Hijau (Anode A), Cathode C → GND

Setelah selesai, tekan Compile & Run dan perhatikan LED menyala bergantian.

---INITIAL_CODE_ARDUINO--- // Traffic Light - Lampu Lalu Lintas // Simulasi lampu merah, kuning, hijau

const int RED_PIN = 13; const int YELLOW_PIN = 12; const int GREEN_PIN = 11;

void setup() { pinMode(RED_PIN, OUTPUT); pinMode(YELLOW_PIN, OUTPUT); pinMode(GREEN_PIN, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600); }

void loop() { // Lampu MERAH digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH); digitalWrite(YELLOW_PIN, LOW); digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW); Serial.println("RED"); delay(3000);

// Lampu KUNING digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW); digitalWrite(YELLOW_PIN, HIGH); digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW); Serial.println("YELLOW"); delay(1000);

// Lampu HIJAU digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW); digitalWrite(YELLOW_PIN, LOW); digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH); Serial.println("GREEN"); delay(3000);

// Lampu KUNING lagi digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW); digitalWrite(YELLOW_PIN, HIGH); digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW); Serial.println("YELLOW"); delay(1000); } ---END_INITIAL_CODE_ARDUINO---

---VELXIO_CIRCUIT--- { "board": "arduino:avr:uno", "components": [ { "type": "led", "id": "led-red", "x": 409.6091884525257, "y": 65.40692157090741, "rotation": 0, "props": { "color": "red", "pin": 13, "state": true, "value": true } }, { "type": "led", "id": "led-yellow", "x": 466.09101803924966, "y": 66.43228050989252, "rotation": 0, "props": { "color": "yellow", "pin": 12, "state": false, "value": false } }, { "type": "led", "id": "led-green", "x": 522.0366933470766, "y": 63.613964067867315, "rotation": 0, "props": { "color": "green", "pin": 11, "state": false, "value": false } }, { "type": "resistor", "id": "resistor-1776300566703-7pi4wei9j", "x": 275.08055011716567, "y": 133.79325981817132, "rotation": 0, "props": { "value": true, "state": true } }, { "type": "resistor", "id": "resistor-1776300590088-k4l87u1rf", "x": 273.3198126609919, "y": 178.95644554504224, "rotation": 0, "props": { "value": false, "state": false } }, { "type": "resistor", "id": "resistor-1776300593575-rklkixiwy", "x": 270.5981563595655, "y": 220.2759558909028, "rotation": 0, "props": { "value": false, "state": false } } ], "wires": [

] } ---END_VELXIO_CIRCUIT---

---EXPECTED_SERIAL_OUTPUT--- RED YELLOW GREEN YELLOW ---END_EXPECTED_SERIAL_OUTPUT---

---EXPECTED_WIRING--- { "wires": [ { "start": { "componentId": "resistor-1776300566703-7pi4wei9j", "pinName": "2" }, "end": { "componentId": "led-red", "pinName": "A" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "resistor-1776300590088-k4l87u1rf", "pinName": "2" }, "end": { "componentId": "led-yellow", "pinName": "A" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "resistor-1776300593575-rklkixiwy", "pinName": "2" }, "end": { "componentId": "led-green", "pinName": "A" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "arduino-uno", "pinName": "GND.3" }, "end": { "componentId": "led-red", "pinName": "C" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "arduino-uno", "pinName": "GND.3" }, "end": { "componentId": "led-yellow", "pinName": "C" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "arduino-uno", "pinName": "GND.3" }, "end": { "componentId": "led-green", "pinName": "C" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "resistor-1776300566703-7pi4wei9j", "pinName": "1" }, "end": { "componentId": "arduino-uno", "pinName": "13" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "resistor-1776300590088-k4l87u1rf", "pinName": "1" }, "end": { "componentId": "arduino-uno", "pinName": "12" } }, { "start": { "componentId": "resistor-1776300593575-rklkixiwy", "pinName": "1" }, "end": { "componentId": "arduino-uno", "pinName": "11" } } ] } ---END_EXPECTED_WIRING---

---KEY_TEXT--- pinMode digitalWrite const int Serial delay ---END_KEY_TEXT---

---EVALUATION_CONFIG--- { "timeout_ms": 10000 } ---END_EVALUATION_CONFIG---

7.0 KiB Raw Blame History