986 lines
36 KiB
TypeScript
986 lines
36 KiB
TypeScript
import {
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CPU,
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AVRTimer,
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timer0Config,
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timer1Config,
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timer2Config,
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AVRUSART,
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usart0Config,
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AVRIOPort,
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portAConfig,
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portBConfig,
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portCConfig,
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portDConfig,
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portEConfig,
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portFConfig,
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portGConfig,
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portHConfig,
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portJConfig,
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portKConfig,
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portLConfig,
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avrInstruction,
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AVRADC,
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adcConfig,
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AVRSPI,
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spiConfig,
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AVRTWI,
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twiConfig,
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ATtinyTimer1,
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attinyTimer1Config,
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} from 'avr8js';
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import type { AVRTimerConfig } from 'avr8js/dist/esm/peripherals/timer';
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import type { ADCConfig, ADCMuxConfiguration } from 'avr8js/dist/esm/peripherals/adc';
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import { ADCMuxInputType, ADCReference } from 'avr8js/dist/esm/peripherals/adc';
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import { PinManager } from './PinManager';
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import { hexToUint8Array } from '../utils/hexParser';
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import { I2CBusManager, nullI2CMaster } from './I2CBusManager';
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import type { I2CDevice } from './I2CBusManager';
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/**
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* AVRSimulator - Emulates Arduino Uno (ATmega328p) using avr8js
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*
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* Features:
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* - CPU emulation at 16MHz
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* - Timer0/Timer1/Timer2 support (enables millis(), delay(), PWM)
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* - USART support (Serial)
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* - GPIO ports (PORTB, PORTC, PORTD)
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* - ADC support (analogRead())
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* - PWM monitoring via OCR register polling
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* - Pin state tracking via PinManager
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*/
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// OCR register addresses → Arduino pin mapping for PWM (ATmega328P / Uno / Nano)
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const PWM_PINS_UNO = [
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{ ocrAddr: 0x47, pin: 6, label: 'OCR0A' }, // Timer0A → D6
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{ ocrAddr: 0x48, pin: 5, label: 'OCR0B' }, // Timer0B → D5
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{ ocrAddr: 0x88, pin: 9, label: 'OCR1AL' }, // Timer1A low byte → D9
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{ ocrAddr: 0x8a, pin: 10, label: 'OCR1BL' }, // Timer1B low byte → D10
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{ ocrAddr: 0xb3, pin: 11, label: 'OCR2A' }, // Timer2A → D11
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{ ocrAddr: 0xb4, pin: 3, label: 'OCR2B' }, // Timer2B → D3
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];
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// OCR register addresses → Arduino Mega pin mapping for PWM (ATmega2560)
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// Timers 0/1/2 same addresses; Timers 3/4/5 at higher addresses.
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const PWM_PINS_MEGA = [
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{ ocrAddr: 0x47, pin: 13, label: 'OCR0A' }, // Timer0A → D13
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{ ocrAddr: 0x48, pin: 4, label: 'OCR0B' }, // Timer0B → D4
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{ ocrAddr: 0x88, pin: 11, label: 'OCR1AL' }, // Timer1A → D11
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{ ocrAddr: 0x8a, pin: 12, label: 'OCR1BL' }, // Timer1B → D12
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{ ocrAddr: 0xb3, pin: 10, label: 'OCR2A' }, // Timer2A → D10
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{ ocrAddr: 0xb4, pin: 9, label: 'OCR2B' }, // Timer2B → D9
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// Timer3 (0x80–0x8D, but OCR3A/B/C at 0x98/0x9A/0x9C)
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{ ocrAddr: 0x98, pin: 5, label: 'OCR3AL' }, // Timer3A → D5
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{ ocrAddr: 0x9a, pin: 2, label: 'OCR3BL' }, // Timer3B → D2
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{ ocrAddr: 0x9c, pin: 3, label: 'OCR3CL' }, // Timer3C → D3
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// Timer4 (OCR4A/B/C at 0xA8/0xAA/0xAC)
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{ ocrAddr: 0xa8, pin: 6, label: 'OCR4AL' }, // Timer4A → D6
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{ ocrAddr: 0xaa, pin: 7, label: 'OCR4BL' }, // Timer4B → D7
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{ ocrAddr: 0xac, pin: 8, label: 'OCR4CL' }, // Timer4C → D8
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// Timer5 (OCR5A/B/C at 0x128/0x12A/0x12C — extended I/O)
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{ ocrAddr: 0x128, pin: 46, label: 'OCR5AL' }, // Timer5A → D46
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{ ocrAddr: 0x12a, pin: 45, label: 'OCR5BL' }, // Timer5B → D45
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{ ocrAddr: 0x12c, pin: 44, label: 'OCR5CL' }, // Timer5C → D44
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];
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/**
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* ATmega2560 port-bit → Arduino Mega pin mapping.
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* Index = bit position (0–7). -1 = not exposed on the Arduino Mega header.
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*/
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const MEGA_PORT_BIT_MAP: Record<string, number[]> = {
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// PA0-PA7 → D22-D29
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PORTA: [22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
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// PB0=D53(SS), PB1=D52(SCK), PB2=D51(MOSI), PB3=D50(MISO), PB4-PB7=D10-D13
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PORTB: [53, 52, 51, 50, 10, 11, 12, 13],
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// PC0-PC7 → D37, D36, D35, D34, D33, D32, D31, D30 (reversed)
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PORTC: [37, 36, 35, 34, 33, 32, 31, 30],
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// PD0=D21(SCL), PD1=D20(SDA), PD2=D19(RX1), PD3=D18(TX1), PD7=D38
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PORTD: [21, 20, 19, 18, -1, -1, -1, 38],
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// PE0=D0(RX0), PE1=D1(TX0), PE3=D5, PE4=D2, PE5=D3
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PORTE: [0, 1, -1, 5, 2, 3, -1, -1],
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// PF0-PF7 → A0-A7 (pin numbers 54-61)
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PORTF: [54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61],
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// PG0=D41, PG1=D40, PG2=D39, PG5=D4
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PORTG: [41, 40, 39, -1, -1, 4, -1, -1],
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// PH0=D17(RX2), PH1=D16(TX2), PH3=D6, PH4=D7, PH5=D8, PH6=D9
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PORTH: [17, 16, -1, 6, 7, 8, 9, -1],
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// PJ0=D15(RX3), PJ1=D14(TX3)
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PORTJ: [15, 14, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1],
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// PK0-PK7 → A8-A15 (pin numbers 62-69)
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PORTK: [62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69],
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// PL0=D49, PL1=D48, PL2=D47, PL3=D46, PL4=D45, PL5=D44, PL6=D43, PL7=D42
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PORTL: [49, 48, 47, 46, 45, 44, 43, 42],
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};
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/**
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* Reverse of MEGA_PORT_BIT_MAP: Arduino Mega pin → { portName, bit }.
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* Pre-built for fast setPinState() lookups.
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*/
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const MEGA_PIN_TO_PORT = (() => {
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const map: Record<number, { portName: string; bit: number; port?: AVRIOPort }> = {};
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for (const [portName, pins] of Object.entries(MEGA_PORT_BIT_MAP)) {
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pins.forEach((pin, bit) => {
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if (pin >= 0) map[pin] = { portName, bit };
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});
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}
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return map;
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})();
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// OCR register addresses → ATtiny85 pin mapping for PWM
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// Timer0: OC0A→PB0, OC0B→PB1 (ATtiny85 Timer0 OCR regs at 0x56, 0x5C)
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// Timer1: OC1A→PB1, OC1B→PB4 (ATtinyTimer1 OCR regs from attinyTimer1Config)
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const PWM_PINS_TINY85 = [
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{ ocrAddr: 0x56, pin: 0, label: 'OCR0A' }, // Timer0A → PB0
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{ ocrAddr: 0x5c, pin: 1, label: 'OCR0B' }, // Timer0B → PB1
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{ ocrAddr: 0x4e, pin: 1, label: 'OCR1A' }, // Timer1A → PB1 (attinyTimer1Config.OCR1A)
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{ ocrAddr: 0x4b, pin: 4, label: 'OCR1B' }, // Timer1B → PB4 (attinyTimer1Config.OCR1B)
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];
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/**
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* ATtiny85 PORTB config — registers are at different addresses than ATmega328P.
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* ATtiny85: PINB=0x36, DDRB=0x37, PORTB=0x38 (vs ATmega: 0x23/0x24/0x25)
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*/
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const attiny85PortBConfig = {
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PIN: 0x36,
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DDR: 0x37,
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PORT: 0x38,
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externalInterrupts: [] as never[],
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};
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/**
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* ATtiny85 Timer0 config — Arduino `millis()` / `delay()` rely on the
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* TIMER0_OVF interrupt to tick the millisecond counter. avr8js's generic
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* `AVRTimer` is fully data-driven, so we just supply ATtiny85's register
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* addresses (different from the ATmega328P defaults in `timer0Config`)
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* and the right interrupt vector offsets.
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*
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* Refs: <avr/iotnx5.h> for register addresses; ATtiny25/45/85 datasheet
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* (Atmel-2586) for vector indices.
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* _VECTOR(5) → TIMER0_OVF → word 0x0A
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* _VECTOR(10) → TIMER0_COMPA → word 0x14
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* _VECTOR(11) → TIMER0_COMPB → word 0x16
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*/
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/**
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* ATtiny85 ADC config — required because the chip's ADC registers live at
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* completely different memory addresses than the ATmega328P defaults that
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* avr8js's `adcConfig` ships with. Without this, `analogRead()` writes
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* ADSC at ATtiny85's ADCSRA (0x26) and polls forever because avr8js is
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* listening at 0x7A instead.
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*
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* Refs: <avr/iotnx5.h>; ATtiny25/45/85 datasheet (Atmel-2586) sec. 17.
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* ADMUX = 0x07 (I/O) -> 0x27 (mem)
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* ADCSRA = 0x06 -> 0x26
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* ADCSRB = 0x03 -> 0x23
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* ADCL = 0x04 -> 0x24
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* ADCH = 0x05 -> 0x25
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* DIDR0 = 0x14 -> 0x34
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* ADC_vect = _VECTOR(8) -> word 0x10
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*
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* MUX field is 4 bits (bits 3:0). Single-ended channels 0..3 = PB5/PB2/PB4/PB3.
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* Reference bits REFS1:REFS0 at ADMUX[7:6] select VCC/AREF/Internal1V1 by default;
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* full REFS2 extension lives at ADMUX[4] but the avr8js helper checks bit 3,
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* so the rare 2.56 V internal reference is currently unsupported — every
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* default-ref sketch (`analogReference(DEFAULT)`) works fine.
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*/
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const attiny85AdcChannels: ADCMuxConfiguration = {
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0: { type: ADCMuxInputType.SingleEnded, channel: 0 }, // PB5
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1: { type: ADCMuxInputType.SingleEnded, channel: 1 }, // PB2
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2: { type: ADCMuxInputType.SingleEnded, channel: 2 }, // PB4
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3: { type: ADCMuxInputType.SingleEnded, channel: 3 }, // PB3
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12: { type: ADCMuxInputType.Constant, voltage: 1.1 }, // VBG
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13: { type: ADCMuxInputType.Constant, voltage: 0 }, // GND
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15: { type: ADCMuxInputType.Temperature },
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};
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const attiny85AdcConfig: ADCConfig = {
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ADMUX: 0x27,
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ADCSRA: 0x26,
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ADCSRB: 0x23,
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ADCL: 0x24,
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ADCH: 0x25,
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DIDR0: 0x34,
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// ATtiny85 vectors are 1-word RJMP (vs ATmega328P's 2-word JMP) so the
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// avr8js "address" field is the raw vector index, not vector*2.
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adcInterrupt: 0x08, // _VECTOR(8) ADC_vect
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numChannels: 4,
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muxInputMask: 0xf,
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muxChannels: attiny85AdcChannels,
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adcReferences: [
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ADCReference.AVCC, // 00 = VCC
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ADCReference.AREF, // 01 = external AREF (PB0)
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ADCReference.Internal1V1, // 10 = internal 1.1 V
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ADCReference.Reserved, // 11 = reserved
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],
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};
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const attiny85Timer0Config: AVRTimerConfig = {
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bits: 8,
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captureInterrupt: 0,
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// ATtiny85 vectors are 1-word RJMP (vs ATmega328P's 2-word JMP) so the
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// avr8js "address" field is the raw vector index, not vector*2.
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compAInterrupt: 0x0a, // _VECTOR(10) TIMER0_COMPA_vect
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compBInterrupt: 0x0b, // _VECTOR(11) TIMER0_COMPB_vect
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compCInterrupt: 0,
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ovfInterrupt: 0x05, // _VECTOR(5) TIMER0_OVF_vect
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TIFR: 0x58,
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OCRA: 0x56,
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OCRB: 0x5c,
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OCRC: 0,
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ICR: 0,
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TCNT: 0x52,
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TCCRA: 0x4f,
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TCCRB: 0x53,
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TCCRC: 0,
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TIMSK: 0x59,
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TOV: 0b00000010,
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OCFA: 0b00010000,
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OCFB: 0b00001000,
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OCFC: 0,
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TOIE: 0b00000010,
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OCIEA: 0b00010000,
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OCIEB: 0b00001000,
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OCIEC: 0,
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compPortA: 0x38,
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compPinA: 0,
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compPortB: 0x38,
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compPinB: 1,
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compPortC: 0,
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compPinC: 0,
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externalClockPort: 0x36,
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externalClockPin: 2,
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dividers: { 0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 8, 3: 64, 4: 256, 5: 1024, 6: 0, 7: 0 },
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};
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/** Ordered list of Mega ports with their avr8js configs */
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const MEGA_PORT_CONFIGS = [
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{ name: 'PORTA', config: portAConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTB', config: portBConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTC', config: portCConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTD', config: portDConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTE', config: portEConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTF', config: portFConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTG', config: portGConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTH', config: portHConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTJ', config: portJConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTK', config: portKConfig },
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{ name: 'PORTL', config: portLConfig },
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];
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export class AVRSimulator {
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private cpu: CPU | null = null;
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/** Peripherals kept alive by reference so GC doesn't collect their CPU hooks */
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private peripherals: unknown[] = [];
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private portB: AVRIOPort | null = null;
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private portC: AVRIOPort | null = null;
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private portD: AVRIOPort | null = null;
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/** Extra ports used by the Mega (A, E–L); keyed by port name */
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private megaPorts: Map<string, AVRIOPort> = new Map();
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private megaPortValues: Map<string, number> = new Map();
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private adc: AVRADC | null = null;
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public spi: AVRSPI | null = null;
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public usart: AVRUSART | null = null;
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public twi: AVRTWI | null = null;
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public i2cBus!: I2CBusManager;
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private program: Uint16Array | null = null;
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private running = false;
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private animationFrame: number | null = null;
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public pinManager: PinManager;
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private speed = 1.0;
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/** 'uno' for ATmega328P boards (Uno, Nano); 'mega' for ATmega2560; 'tiny85' for ATtiny85 */
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private boardVariant: 'uno' | 'mega' | 'tiny85';
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/** Cycle-accurate pin change queue — used by timing-sensitive peripherals (e.g. DHT22). */
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private scheduledPinChanges: Array<{ cycle: number; pin: number; state: boolean }> = [];
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/** Serial output buffer — subscribers receive each byte or line */
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public onSerialData: ((char: string) => void) | null = null;
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/** Fires whenever the sketch changes Serial baud rate (Serial.begin) */
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public onBaudRateChange: ((baudRate: number) => void) | null = null;
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/**
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* Fires for every digital pin transition with a millisecond timestamp
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* derived from the CPU cycle counter (cycles / CPU_HZ * 1000).
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* Used by the oscilloscope / logic analyzer.
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*/
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public onPinChangeWithTime: ((pin: number, state: boolean, timeMs: number) => void) | null = null;
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private lastPortBValue = 0;
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private lastPortCValue = 0;
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private lastPortDValue = 0;
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private lastOcrValues: number[] = [];
|
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/**
|
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* Last known TXEN bit value, used to detect 0→1 transitions and seed the
|
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* TX pin baseline at idle HIGH the moment the firmware enables the USART.
|
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* Without this seed the oscilloscope shows a floating/LOW baseline until
|
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* the first byte transmits, which doesn't match real hardware.
|
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*/
|
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private lastTxEnable = false;
|
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constructor(pinManager: PinManager, boardVariant: 'uno' | 'mega' | 'tiny85' = 'uno') {
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this.pinManager = pinManager;
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this.boardVariant = boardVariant;
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// Create the bus up-front with a placeholder master so that
|
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// Interconnect can install cross-board bridges and parts can
|
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// register devices BEFORE the firmware loads. The real AVRTWI
|
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// takes over via `i2cBus.attachMaster(twi)` inside loadHex.
|
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this.i2cBus = new I2CBusManager(nullI2CMaster());
|
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}
|
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|
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private get pwmPins() {
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if (this.boardVariant === 'mega') return PWM_PINS_MEGA;
|
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if (this.boardVariant === 'tiny85') return PWM_PINS_TINY85;
|
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return PWM_PINS_UNO;
|
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}
|
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|
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/**
|
||
* Load compiled hex file into simulator
|
||
*/
|
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loadHex(hexContent: string): void {
|
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console.log('Loading HEX file...');
|
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|
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const bytes = hexToUint8Array(hexContent);
|
||
|
||
// ATmega328P: 32 KB = 16 384 words. ATmega2560: 256 KB = 131 072 words.
|
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// ATtiny85: 8 KB = 4 096 words, 512 bytes SRAM.
|
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const progWords =
|
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this.boardVariant === 'mega' ? 131072 : this.boardVariant === 'tiny85' ? 4096 : 16384;
|
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// ATmega2560 data space: 0x0000–0x21FF = 8704 bytes total.
|
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// avr8js: data.length = sramBytes + registerSpace (0x100 = 256).
|
||
// So sramBytes must be >= 8704 − 256 = 8448 to fit RAMEND=0x21FF on the stack.
|
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// ATmega328P RAMEND = 0x08FF; default 8192 is already a safe over-alloc.
|
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// ATtiny85 RAMEND = 0x025F; 512 bytes SRAM.
|
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const sramBytes =
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this.boardVariant === 'mega' ? 8448 : this.boardVariant === 'tiny85' ? 512 : 8192;
|
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|
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this.program = new Uint16Array(progWords);
|
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for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
|
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this.program[i >> 1] = (bytes[i] || 0) | ((bytes[i + 1] || 0) << 8);
|
||
}
|
||
|
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console.log(`Loaded ${bytes.length} bytes into program memory`);
|
||
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this.cpu = new CPU(this.program, sramBytes);
|
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|
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if (this.boardVariant === 'tiny85') {
|
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// ATtiny85: PORTB only (PB0-PB5). Timer0 powers millis()/delay() in
|
||
// ATTinyCore via TIMER0_OVF. Timer1 is the high-speed 8-bit PWM
|
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// timer (PLL clock). No hardware USART on this chip.
|
||
//
|
||
// Known limitation (task #116): the Timer0 OVF interrupt does fire at
|
||
// the correct cadence (1.024 ms simulated, verified via debug
|
||
// instrumentation), but real ATTinyCore-compiled `delay()` does not
|
||
// observably advance — the LED stays stuck either HIGH or LOW
|
||
// depending on which phase the firmware was in when the first OVF
|
||
// hit. Likely a subtle interaction between the avr8js clearInterrupt
|
||
// semantics (only clears the pending queue entry, leaves TIFR bit
|
||
// set) and ATTinyCore's ISR relying on hardware auto-clear of TOV0.
|
||
// Workaround attempts (manual TIFR clear after ISR entry) did not
|
||
// change the visible behavior. Needs a deeper avr8js dive.
|
||
this.portB = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, attiny85PortBConfig as typeof portBConfig);
|
||
this.adc = new AVRADC(this.cpu, attiny85AdcConfig);
|
||
this.peripherals = [
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, attiny85Timer0Config),
|
||
new ATtinyTimer1(this.cpu, attinyTimer1Config),
|
||
];
|
||
// usart stays null — ATtiny85 has no hardware USART
|
||
} else {
|
||
// ATmega2560 has more vectors before the timers/USART (8 external INTs, etc.),
|
||
// so the interrupt WORD addresses differ from ATmega328P.
|
||
//
|
||
// avr8js config values are WORD addresses = _VECTOR(N) * 2
|
||
// (each JMP vector = 4 bytes = 2 words; cpu.pc * 2 == byte address).
|
||
//
|
||
// ATmega2560 word addresses (_VECTOR(N) → N * 2):
|
||
// TIMER2_COMPA=_V(13)→0x1A TIMER2_COMPB=_V(14)→0x1C TIMER2_OVF=_V(15)→0x1E
|
||
// TIMER1_CAPT=_V(16)→0x20 TIMER1_COMPA=_V(17)→0x22 TIMER1_COMPB=_V(18)→0x24
|
||
// TIMER1_COMPC=_V(19)→0x26 TIMER1_OVF=_V(20)→0x28
|
||
// TIMER0_COMPA=_V(21)→0x2A TIMER0_COMPB=_V(22)→0x2C TIMER0_OVF=_V(23)→0x2E
|
||
// SPI_STC=_V(24)→0x30 USART0_RX=_V(25)→0x32
|
||
// USART0_UDRE=_V(26)→0x34 USART0_TX=_V(27)→0x36
|
||
// TWI=_V(39)→0x4E
|
||
const isMega = this.boardVariant === 'mega';
|
||
const activeTimer0Config = isMega
|
||
? { ...timer0Config, compAInterrupt: 0x2a, compBInterrupt: 0x2c, ovfInterrupt: 0x2e }
|
||
: timer0Config;
|
||
const activeTimer1Config = isMega
|
||
? {
|
||
...timer1Config,
|
||
captureInterrupt: 0x20,
|
||
compAInterrupt: 0x22,
|
||
compBInterrupt: 0x24,
|
||
ovfInterrupt: 0x28,
|
||
}
|
||
: timer1Config;
|
||
const activeTimer2Config = isMega
|
||
? { ...timer2Config, compAInterrupt: 0x1a, compBInterrupt: 0x1c, ovfInterrupt: 0x1e }
|
||
: timer2Config;
|
||
const activeUsart0Config = isMega
|
||
? {
|
||
...usart0Config,
|
||
rxCompleteInterrupt: 0x32,
|
||
dataRegisterEmptyInterrupt: 0x34,
|
||
txCompleteInterrupt: 0x36,
|
||
}
|
||
: usart0Config;
|
||
const activeSpiConfig = isMega ? { ...spiConfig, spiInterrupt: 0x30 } : spiConfig;
|
||
const activeTwiConfig = isMega ? { ...twiConfig, twiInterrupt: 0x4e } : twiConfig;
|
||
|
||
this.spi = new AVRSPI(this.cpu, activeSpiConfig, 16000000);
|
||
this.spi.onByte = (value) => {
|
||
this.spi!.completeTransfer(value);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
this.usart = new AVRUSART(this.cpu, activeUsart0Config, 16000000);
|
||
this.usart.onByteTransmit = (value: number) => {
|
||
if (this.onSerialData) this.onSerialData(String.fromCharCode(value));
|
||
// Synthesize the UART frame on PD1 so the oscilloscope sees a real
|
||
// waveform during Serial.print. See emitUartTxFrame() for details.
|
||
this.emitUartTxFrame(value);
|
||
};
|
||
this.usart.onConfigurationChange = () => {
|
||
if (this.onBaudRateChange && this.usart) this.onBaudRateChange(this.usart.baudRate);
|
||
// Seed idle HIGH on the TX pin the first time TXEN flips on.
|
||
this.handleUartConfigChange();
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
this.twi = new AVRTWI(this.cpu, activeTwiConfig, 16000000);
|
||
// Attach the real AVRTWI to the bus created in the constructor;
|
||
// any devices already registered + bridges already installed are
|
||
// preserved across firmware (re)loads.
|
||
this.i2cBus.attachMaster(this.twi);
|
||
|
||
this.peripherals = [
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, activeTimer0Config),
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, activeTimer1Config),
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, activeTimer2Config),
|
||
this.usart,
|
||
this.spi,
|
||
this.twi,
|
||
];
|
||
|
||
this.adc = new AVRADC(this.cpu, adcConfig);
|
||
|
||
// ── GPIO ports ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
||
this.portB = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, portBConfig);
|
||
this.portC = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, portCConfig);
|
||
this.portD = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, portDConfig);
|
||
|
||
if (this.boardVariant === 'mega') {
|
||
this.megaPorts.clear();
|
||
this.megaPortValues.clear();
|
||
for (const { name, config } of MEGA_PORT_CONFIGS) {
|
||
this.megaPorts.set(name, new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, config));
|
||
this.megaPortValues.set(name, 0);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
this.lastPortBValue = 0;
|
||
this.lastPortCValue = 0;
|
||
this.lastPortDValue = 0;
|
||
this.lastOcrValues = new Array(this.pwmPins.length).fill(0);
|
||
|
||
this.setupPinHooks();
|
||
|
||
const boardName =
|
||
this.boardVariant === 'mega'
|
||
? 'ATmega2560'
|
||
: this.boardVariant === 'tiny85'
|
||
? 'ATtiny85'
|
||
: 'ATmega328P';
|
||
console.log(`AVR CPU initialized (${boardName}, ${this.peripherals.length} peripherals)`);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Expose ADC instance so components (potentiometer, etc.) can inject voltages
|
||
*/
|
||
getADC(): AVRADC | null {
|
||
return this.adc;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/** Returns the CPU clock frequency in Hz (16 MHz for AVR). */
|
||
getClockHz(): number {
|
||
return 16_000_000;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Returns the current CPU cycle count.
|
||
* Used by timing-sensitive peripherals to schedule future pin changes.
|
||
*/
|
||
getCurrentCycles(): number {
|
||
return this.cpu?.cycles ?? 0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Schedule a pin state change at a specific future CPU cycle count.
|
||
* The change fires between AVR instructions, enabling cycle-accurate protocol simulation.
|
||
* Used by DHT22 and other timing-sensitive single-wire peripherals.
|
||
*/
|
||
schedulePinChange(pin: number, state: boolean, atCycle: number): void {
|
||
// Callers are expected to push entries in ascending cycle order.
|
||
// Insert at the correct position to maintain sort (linear scan from end, O(1) for ordered pushes).
|
||
let i = this.scheduledPinChanges.length;
|
||
while (i > 0 && this.scheduledPinChanges[i - 1].cycle > atCycle) i--;
|
||
this.scheduledPinChanges.splice(i, 0, { cycle: atCycle, pin, state });
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Synthesize a real bit-level UART frame on the TX pin so an oscilloscope
|
||
* sees a waveform during Serial.print, matching real ATmega328P / ATmega2560
|
||
* behavior. avr8js's USART only intercepts the byte at the UDR0 register
|
||
* level — it never toggles PD1 (Uno/Nano) / PE1 (Mega), so without this
|
||
* shim the TX pin is flat in the scope while real hardware would show the
|
||
* UART frame at the configured baud rate.
|
||
*
|
||
* Frame layout (8N1, the Arduino default):
|
||
* [start LOW] [data LSB ... data MSB] [parity?] [stop1] [stop2?]
|
||
*
|
||
* We honour avr8js's USART configuration getters (bitsPerChar, parityEnabled,
|
||
* parityOdd, stopBits, baudRate) so unusual configurations stay accurate.
|
||
*
|
||
* Each transition is emitted via onPinChangeWithTime so the oscilloscope
|
||
* stamps it with simulator time (cpu.cycles / 16_000 ms), giving bit-level
|
||
* timing that holds at any sweep speed.
|
||
*/
|
||
private emitUartTxFrame(byte: number): void {
|
||
const usart = this.usart;
|
||
if (!usart || !this.cpu || !this.onPinChangeWithTime) return;
|
||
if (!usart.txEnable) return;
|
||
|
||
const baud = usart.baudRate;
|
||
if (!baud || baud <= 0) return;
|
||
|
||
// ATmega328P (Uno/Nano) UART0: TX = PD1 → Arduino pin 1
|
||
// ATmega2560 (Mega) UART0: TX = PE1 → Arduino pin 1 (Mega TX0)
|
||
// ATtiny85 has no hardware USART so this method is never called.
|
||
const txPin = 1;
|
||
|
||
const freqHz = 16_000_000;
|
||
const cyclesPerBit = freqHz / baud;
|
||
const startCycle = this.cpu.cycles;
|
||
|
||
// Build the frame bit-by-bit. UART idles HIGH; start = LOW; data LSB first;
|
||
// optional parity; stop bit(s) HIGH. Idle->start gives the first transition.
|
||
const dataBits = usart.bitsPerChar; // typically 8
|
||
const bits: boolean[] = [false]; // start bit
|
||
let onesCount = 0;
|
||
for (let i = 0; i < dataBits; i++) {
|
||
const b = (byte >> i) & 1;
|
||
bits.push(b !== 0);
|
||
onesCount += b;
|
||
}
|
||
if (usart.parityEnabled) {
|
||
// Even parity = bit that makes total ones even; odd = total ones odd.
|
||
const parity = usart.parityOdd ? (onesCount % 2 === 0) : (onesCount % 2 !== 0);
|
||
bits.push(parity);
|
||
}
|
||
for (let i = 0; i < usart.stopBits; i++) bits.push(true);
|
||
|
||
// Emit only the bits that change state to keep buffer churn minimal.
|
||
// The "previous" state at startCycle is idle HIGH.
|
||
let prevState = true;
|
||
for (let i = 0; i < bits.length; i++) {
|
||
if (bits[i] !== prevState) {
|
||
const timeMs = (startCycle + i * cyclesPerBit) / 16_000;
|
||
this.onPinChangeWithTime(txPin, bits[i], timeMs);
|
||
prevState = bits[i];
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
// After the stop bit(s) the line is already HIGH (idle) so no trailing
|
||
// transition is needed — the next byte will start from HIGH automatically.
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Seed the TX pin at idle HIGH when the firmware sets TXEN for the first
|
||
* time (typically inside Serial.begin). Without this seed the scope's
|
||
* "initial state before the first byte" defaults to LOW, hiding the start
|
||
* bit transition of the very first byte sent.
|
||
*/
|
||
private handleUartConfigChange(): void {
|
||
if (!this.usart || !this.cpu) return;
|
||
const tx = this.usart.txEnable;
|
||
if (tx && !this.lastTxEnable && this.onPinChangeWithTime) {
|
||
const timeMs = this.cpu.cycles / 16_000;
|
||
this.onPinChangeWithTime(1, true, timeMs);
|
||
}
|
||
this.lastTxEnable = tx;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/** Flush all scheduled pin changes whose target cycle has been reached. */
|
||
private flushScheduledPinChanges(): void {
|
||
if (this.scheduledPinChanges.length === 0 || !this.cpu) return;
|
||
const now = this.cpu.cycles;
|
||
while (this.scheduledPinChanges.length > 0 && this.scheduledPinChanges[0].cycle <= now) {
|
||
const { pin, state } = this.scheduledPinChanges.shift()!;
|
||
this.setPinState(pin, state);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Fire onPinChangeWithTime for every bit that differs between newVal and oldVal.
|
||
* @param pinMap Optional explicit per-bit Arduino pin numbers (Mega).
|
||
* @param offset Legacy pin offset (Uno/Nano): PORTB→8, PORTC→14, PORTD→0.
|
||
*/
|
||
private firePinChangeWithTime(
|
||
newVal: number,
|
||
oldVal: number,
|
||
pinMap: number[] | null,
|
||
offset = 0,
|
||
): void {
|
||
if (!this.onPinChangeWithTime || !this.cpu) return;
|
||
const timeMs = this.cpu.cycles / 16_000;
|
||
const changed = newVal ^ oldVal;
|
||
for (let bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++) {
|
||
if (changed & (1 << bit)) {
|
||
const pin = pinMap ? pinMap[bit] : offset + bit;
|
||
if (pin < 0) continue;
|
||
const state = (newVal & (1 << bit)) !== 0;
|
||
this.onPinChangeWithTime(pin, state, timeMs);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Monitor pin changes and update component states
|
||
*/
|
||
private setupPinHooks(): void {
|
||
if (!this.cpu) return;
|
||
console.log('Setting up pin hooks...');
|
||
|
||
// DDR register addresses (used to distinguish OUTPUT pins from
|
||
// INPUT_PULLUP — see PinManager.updatePort ddrMask param).
|
||
// ATmega328P/Uno/Nano: DDRB=0x24, DDRC=0x27, DDRD=0x2A
|
||
// ATtiny85: DDRB=0x37
|
||
// ATmega2560: per-port table below
|
||
const cpu = this.cpu;
|
||
const readDdr = (addr: number) => cpu.data[addr] ?? 0;
|
||
|
||
if (this.boardVariant === 'tiny85') {
|
||
// ATtiny85: PORTB only, PB0-PB5 → pins 0-5
|
||
// Must pass an explicit pinMap so updatePort uses offset 0 instead of the
|
||
// legacy PORTB offset (8) which would map PB1 → pin 9, etc.
|
||
const TINY85_PIN_MAP = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, -1, -1];
|
||
this.portB!.addListener((value) => {
|
||
if (value !== this.lastPortBValue) {
|
||
this.pinManager.updatePort('PORTB', value, this.lastPortBValue, TINY85_PIN_MAP, readDdr(0x37));
|
||
this.firePinChangeWithTime(value, this.lastPortBValue, null, 0);
|
||
this.lastPortBValue = value;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
} else if (this.boardVariant === 'mega') {
|
||
// Mega: use explicit per-bit pin maps for all 11 ports
|
||
const MEGA_DDR_ADDRS: Record<string, number> = {
|
||
PORTA: 0x21, PORTB: 0x24, PORTC: 0x27, PORTD: 0x2A,
|
||
PORTE: 0x2D, PORTF: 0x30, PORTG: 0x33, PORTH: 0x101,
|
||
PORTJ: 0x104, PORTK: 0x107, PORTL: 0x10A,
|
||
};
|
||
for (const [portName, port] of this.megaPorts) {
|
||
const pinMap = MEGA_PORT_BIT_MAP[portName];
|
||
const ddrAddr = MEGA_DDR_ADDRS[portName];
|
||
this.megaPortValues.set(portName, 0);
|
||
port.addListener((value) => {
|
||
const old = this.megaPortValues.get(portName) ?? 0;
|
||
if (value !== old) {
|
||
this.pinManager.updatePort(portName, value, old, pinMap, ddrAddr ? readDdr(ddrAddr) : undefined);
|
||
this.firePinChangeWithTime(value, old, pinMap);
|
||
this.megaPortValues.set(portName, value);
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
} else {
|
||
// Uno / Nano: simple 3-port setup
|
||
this.portB!.addListener((value) => {
|
||
if (value !== this.lastPortBValue) {
|
||
this.pinManager.updatePort('PORTB', value, this.lastPortBValue, undefined, readDdr(0x24));
|
||
this.firePinChangeWithTime(value, this.lastPortBValue, null, 8);
|
||
this.lastPortBValue = value;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
this.portC!.addListener((value) => {
|
||
if (value !== this.lastPortCValue) {
|
||
this.pinManager.updatePort('PORTC', value, this.lastPortCValue, undefined, readDdr(0x27));
|
||
this.firePinChangeWithTime(value, this.lastPortCValue, null, 14);
|
||
this.lastPortCValue = value;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
this.portD!.addListener((value) => {
|
||
if (value !== this.lastPortDValue) {
|
||
this.pinManager.updatePort('PORTD', value, this.lastPortDValue, undefined, readDdr(0x2A));
|
||
this.firePinChangeWithTime(value, this.lastPortDValue, null, 0);
|
||
this.lastPortDValue = value;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
console.log('Pin hooks configured successfully');
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Poll OCR registers and notify PinManager of PWM duty cycle changes
|
||
*/
|
||
private pollPwmRegisters(): void {
|
||
if (!this.cpu) return;
|
||
const pins = this.pwmPins;
|
||
for (let i = 0; i < pins.length; i++) {
|
||
const { ocrAddr, pin } = pins[i];
|
||
const ocrValue = this.cpu.data[ocrAddr];
|
||
if (ocrValue !== this.lastOcrValues[i]) {
|
||
this.lastOcrValues[i] = ocrValue;
|
||
this.pinManager.updatePwm(pin, ocrValue / 255);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Start simulation loop
|
||
*/
|
||
start(): void {
|
||
if (this.running || !this.cpu) {
|
||
console.warn('Simulator already running or not initialized');
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
this.running = true;
|
||
console.log('Starting AVR simulation...');
|
||
// Browser-only debug hook. Guarded so node-side vitest runs don't
|
||
// ReferenceError on `window` and spam stderr.
|
||
if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
|
||
const dbg = (window as unknown as { __spiceDebug?: () => void }).__spiceDebug;
|
||
if (typeof dbg === 'function') dbg();
|
||
else console.warn('[spice] __spiceDebug not attached — startSimulation never called');
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// ATmega328p @ 16MHz
|
||
const CPU_HZ = 16_000_000;
|
||
const CYCLES_PER_MS = CPU_HZ / 1000;
|
||
|
||
// Cap: never execute more than 50ms worth of cycles in one frame.
|
||
// This prevents a runaway burst when the tab was backgrounded and
|
||
// then becomes visible again (browser may deliver a huge delta).
|
||
const MAX_DELTA_MS = 50;
|
||
|
||
let lastTimestamp = 0;
|
||
let frameCount = 0;
|
||
|
||
const execute = (timestamp: number) => {
|
||
if (!this.running || !this.cpu) return;
|
||
|
||
// Clamp delta so we never overshoot after a paused/backgrounded tab.
|
||
// MAX_DELTA_MS already handles large initial deltas (e.g. first frame),
|
||
// so no separate first-frame guard is needed.
|
||
const rawDelta = timestamp - lastTimestamp;
|
||
const deltaMs = Math.min(rawDelta, MAX_DELTA_MS);
|
||
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
|
||
|
||
const cyclesPerFrame = Math.floor(CYCLES_PER_MS * deltaMs * this.speed);
|
||
|
||
try {
|
||
for (let i = 0; i < cyclesPerFrame; i++) {
|
||
avrInstruction(this.cpu); // Execute the AVR instruction
|
||
this.cpu.tick(); // Update peripheral timers and cycles
|
||
if (this.scheduledPinChanges.length > 0) this.flushScheduledPinChanges();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Poll PWM registers every frame
|
||
this.pollPwmRegisters();
|
||
|
||
frameCount++;
|
||
if (frameCount % 60 === 0) {
|
||
console.log(`[CPU] Frame ${frameCount}, PC: ${this.cpu.pc}, Cycles: ${this.cpu.cycles}`);
|
||
}
|
||
} catch (error) {
|
||
console.error('Simulation error:', error);
|
||
this.stop();
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
this.animationFrame = requestAnimationFrame(execute);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
this.animationFrame = requestAnimationFrame(execute);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Stop simulation
|
||
*/
|
||
stop(): void {
|
||
if (!this.running) return;
|
||
|
||
this.running = false;
|
||
if (this.animationFrame !== null) {
|
||
cancelAnimationFrame(this.animationFrame);
|
||
this.animationFrame = null;
|
||
}
|
||
this.scheduledPinChanges = [];
|
||
|
||
console.log('AVR simulation stopped');
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Reset simulator (re-run program from scratch without recompiling)
|
||
*/
|
||
reset(): void {
|
||
this.stop();
|
||
if (this.program) {
|
||
// Re-use the stored hex content path: just reload
|
||
const sramBytes =
|
||
this.boardVariant === 'mega' ? 8448 : this.boardVariant === 'tiny85' ? 512 : 8192;
|
||
console.log('Resetting AVR CPU...');
|
||
|
||
this.cpu = new CPU(this.program, sramBytes);
|
||
|
||
if (this.boardVariant === 'tiny85') {
|
||
this.portB = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, attiny85PortBConfig as typeof portBConfig);
|
||
this.adc = new AVRADC(this.cpu, attiny85AdcConfig);
|
||
this.peripherals = [
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, attiny85Timer0Config),
|
||
new ATtinyTimer1(this.cpu, attinyTimer1Config),
|
||
];
|
||
this.usart = null;
|
||
} else {
|
||
this.spi = new AVRSPI(this.cpu, spiConfig, 16000000);
|
||
this.spi.onByte = (value) => {
|
||
this.spi!.completeTransfer(value);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
this.usart = new AVRUSART(this.cpu, usart0Config, 16000000);
|
||
this.usart.onByteTransmit = (value: number) => {
|
||
if (this.onSerialData) this.onSerialData(String.fromCharCode(value));
|
||
this.emitUartTxFrame(value);
|
||
};
|
||
this.usart.onConfigurationChange = () => {
|
||
if (this.onBaudRateChange && this.usart) this.onBaudRateChange(this.usart.baudRate);
|
||
this.handleUartConfigChange();
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
this.twi = new AVRTWI(this.cpu, twiConfig, 16000000);
|
||
this.i2cBus.attachMaster(this.twi);
|
||
|
||
this.peripherals = [
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, timer0Config),
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, timer1Config),
|
||
new AVRTimer(this.cpu, timer2Config),
|
||
this.usart,
|
||
this.spi,
|
||
this.twi,
|
||
];
|
||
this.adc = new AVRADC(this.cpu, adcConfig);
|
||
|
||
this.portB = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, portBConfig);
|
||
this.portC = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, portCConfig);
|
||
this.portD = new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, portDConfig);
|
||
|
||
if (this.boardVariant === 'mega') {
|
||
this.megaPorts.clear();
|
||
this.megaPortValues.clear();
|
||
for (const { name, config } of MEGA_PORT_CONFIGS) {
|
||
this.megaPorts.set(name, new AVRIOPort(this.cpu, config));
|
||
this.megaPortValues.set(name, 0);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
this.lastPortBValue = 0;
|
||
this.lastPortCValue = 0;
|
||
this.lastPortDValue = 0;
|
||
this.lastOcrValues = new Array(this.pwmPins.length).fill(0);
|
||
this.setupPinHooks();
|
||
|
||
console.log('AVR CPU reset complete');
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
isRunning(): boolean {
|
||
return this.running;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
setSpeed(speed: number): void {
|
||
this.speed = Math.max(0.1, Math.min(10.0, speed));
|
||
console.log(`Simulation speed set to ${this.speed}x`);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
getSpeed(): number {
|
||
return this.speed;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
step(): void {
|
||
if (!this.cpu) return;
|
||
avrInstruction(this.cpu);
|
||
this.cpu.tick();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Set the state of an Arduino pin externally (e.g. from a UI button)
|
||
*/
|
||
setPinState(arduinoPin: number, state: boolean): void {
|
||
if (this.boardVariant === 'mega') {
|
||
const entry = MEGA_PIN_TO_PORT[arduinoPin];
|
||
if (entry) {
|
||
const port = this.megaPorts.get(entry.portName);
|
||
port?.setPin(entry.bit, state);
|
||
}
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
if (this.boardVariant === 'tiny85') {
|
||
// ATtiny85: PB0-PB5 = pins 0-5
|
||
if (arduinoPin >= 0 && arduinoPin <= 5 && this.portB) {
|
||
this.portB.setPin(arduinoPin, state);
|
||
}
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
// Uno / Nano
|
||
if (arduinoPin >= 0 && arduinoPin <= 7 && this.portD) {
|
||
this.portD.setPin(arduinoPin, state);
|
||
} else if (arduinoPin >= 8 && arduinoPin <= 13 && this.portB) {
|
||
this.portB.setPin(arduinoPin - 8, state);
|
||
} else if (arduinoPin >= 14 && arduinoPin <= 19 && this.portC) {
|
||
this.portC.setPin(arduinoPin - 14, state);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Send a byte to the Arduino serial port (RX) — as if typed in the Serial Monitor.
|
||
*/
|
||
serialWrite(text: string): void {
|
||
if (!this.usart) return;
|
||
for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
|
||
this.usart.writeByte(text.charCodeAt(i));
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Register a virtual I2C device on the bus (e.g. RTC, sensor).
|
||
*/
|
||
addI2CDevice(device: I2CDevice): void {
|
||
if (this.i2cBus) {
|
||
this.i2cBus.addDevice(device);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Remove a virtual I2C device by address. Mirrors RP2040Simulator's
|
||
* `removeI2CDevice(addr, bus)` shape so Interconnect / parts can use
|
||
* the same uniform API across boards.
|
||
*/
|
||
removeI2CDevice(address: number, _bus: 0 | 1 = 0): void {
|
||
this.i2cBus?.removeDevice(address);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Get the I2CBusManager for a given hardware I2C bus. AVR has only
|
||
* one TWI so `bus` is ignored. Available from construction time so
|
||
* Interconnect can install cross-board I2C bridges immediately
|
||
* (the bus's master peripheral is swapped in later by `loadHex`).
|
||
*/
|
||
getI2CBus(_bus: 0 | 1 = 0): I2CBusManager {
|
||
return this.i2cBus;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// ── Generic sensor registration (board-agnostic API) ──────────────────────
|
||
// AVR handles all sensor protocols locally via schedulePinChange,
|
||
// so these return false / no-op — the sensor runs its own frontend logic.
|
||
|
||
registerSensor(_type: string, _pin: number, _props: Record<string, unknown>): boolean {
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
updateSensor(_pin: number, _props: Record<string, unknown>): void {}
|
||
unregisterSensor(_pin: number): void {}
|
||
}
|