feat(components): Regulated Power Supply with per-instance current limit
Adds a new picker entry 'Regulated Power Supply' under the analog
category. Conceptually fills the gap between wokwi-battery (fixed
DC) and wokwi-signal-generator (waveform focus): user chooses
voltage + mode (dc / ac) + currentLimit, no need to think about
battery chemistry or signal amplitudes.
Properties:
mode: 'dc' | 'ac' (default 'dc')
voltage: V (default 5)
frequency: Hz (default 50, only for AC)
currentLimit: A (default 1)
Design notes:
- No new Web Component. The tagName piggy-backs on
wokwi-signal-generator so the canvas renders the familiar
bench-instrument chrome — saves shipping a second 100+ LOC
Web Component for an identical 2-pin shape.
- SPICE: ideal V-source + ESR sized so a near-short reads
I ≈ 1.5·limit. ngspice has no native foldback so the limit
is a circuitVerifier rule, not a hard SPICE constraint.
- circuitVerifier: extends sourceComponents regex to include
power-supply AND honors the per-instance currentLimit
property as the threshold. Real bench supplies behave this
way — a 100mA-limited supply trips at 100mA, a 5A supply
tolerates 5A before flagging. The error code is
'source-overload' (not 'short-circuit') so the modal copy
matches what the user just configured.
The board GND / VCC pins of Arduino / ESP32 / etc. already act
as voltage sources via BOARD_PIN_GROUPS canonicalisation (the
NetlistBuilder maps wires to the right rail). So the user's
companion request — 'board pins should already work' — is the
existing behaviour; this commit only adds the standalone bench
supply for boardless circuits or for testing with a different
voltage.
This commit is contained in:
David Montero Crespo
parent
3b527f3dce
commit
305170aeb9
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@ -517,6 +517,66 @@
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"category": "analog",
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"description": "Single-channel optocoupler. CTR 80–600% (typ. 100%). Higher drive than 4N25, commonly used for MCU-to-mains isolation."
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},
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{
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"thumbnail": "<svg width=\"64\" height=\"64\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\">\n <rect width=\"64\" height=\"64\" fill=\"#1a2332\" rx=\"4\"/>\n <rect x=\"10\" y=\"14\" width=\"44\" height=\"30\" fill=\"#2a3548\" rx=\"3\" stroke=\"#4a5878\"/>\n <text x=\"32\" y=\"30\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"9\" font-family=\"monospace\" fill=\"#4ade80\" font-weight=\"bold\">5.00V</text>\n <text x=\"32\" y=\"40\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"7\" font-family=\"monospace\" fill=\"#fbbf24\">1.00A</text>\n <circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"52\" r=\"3\" fill=\"#dc2626\"/>\n <circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"52\" r=\"3\" fill=\"#0f172a\" stroke=\"#64748b\"/>\n <text x=\"32\" y=\"60\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"6\" fill=\"#9d9d9d\">PSU</text>\n </svg>",
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"tags": [
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"power-supply",
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"regulated",
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"source",
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"psu",
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"bench",
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"lab",
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"dc",
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"ac",
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"analog"
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],
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"properties": [
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{
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"name": "mode",
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"type": "string",
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"defaultValue": "dc",
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"control": "select",
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"options": [
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"dc",
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"ac"
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],
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"description": "DC for fixed rails, AC for sine waveform output"
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},
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{
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"name": "voltage",
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"type": "number",
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"defaultValue": 5,
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"control": "text",
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"description": "Output voltage in V (DC mode) or peak amplitude (AC mode)"
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},
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{
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"name": "frequency",
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"type": "number",
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"defaultValue": 50,
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"control": "text",
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"description": "Frequency in Hz (AC mode only)"
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},
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{
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"name": "currentLimit",
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"type": "number",
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"defaultValue": 1,
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"control": "text",
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"description": "Maximum sourced current in A. The verifier warns when exceeded."
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}
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],
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"defaultValues": {
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"mode": "dc",
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"voltage": 5,
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"frequency": 50,
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"currentLimit": 1
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},
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"pinCount": 2,
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"id": "power-supply",
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"tagName": "wokwi-signal-generator",
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"name": "Regulated Power Supply",
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"category": "analog",
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"description": "Bench DC/AC power supply with optional current limit. DC mode for fixed rails; AC mode for sine. Verifier enforces the current limit per instance."
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},
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{
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"thumbnail": "<svg width=\"64\" height=\"64\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\">\n <rect width=\"64\" height=\"64\" fill=\"#e0e0e0\" rx=\"4\"/>\n <text x=\"50%\" y=\"50%\" text-anchor=\"middle\" dy=\".3em\" font-size=\"10\" fill=\"#666\">\n SIGNAL-GENERATOR\n </text>\n </svg>",
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"tags": [
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@ -548,6 +548,41 @@ const MAPPERS: Record<string, Mapper> = {
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};
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},
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// ── Regulated power supply (DC / AC, current-limit aware) ───────────────
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// Properties:
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// mode: 'dc' | 'ac' (default 'dc')
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// voltage: V (default 5)
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// frequency: Hz (default 50, only used in AC mode)
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// currentLimit: A (default 1; enforced by circuitVerifier,
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// NOT SPICE — ngspice has no native
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// foldback limiter)
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// The visual element reuses wokwi-signal-generator (no new Web Component
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// needed). ESR is derived from the currentLimit so a near-short reads
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// as I ≈ 1.5·limit, which the verifier then flags as source-overload.
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'power-supply': (comp, netLookup) => {
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const pos = netLookup('+') ?? netLookup('SIG') ?? netLookup('VCC');
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const neg = netLookup('−') ?? netLookup('-') ?? netLookup('GND');
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if (!pos || !neg) return null;
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const mode = String(comp.properties.mode ?? 'dc').toLowerCase();
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const voltage = Number(comp.properties.voltage ?? 5);
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const currentLimit = Math.max(0.01, Number(comp.properties.currentLimit ?? 1));
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const esr = Math.max(0.01, voltage / (currentLimit * 1.5));
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let source: string;
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if (mode === 'ac') {
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const freq = Number(comp.properties.frequency ?? 50);
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source = `SIN(0 ${voltage} ${freq})`;
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} else {
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source = `DC ${voltage}`;
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}
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return {
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cards: [
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`V_${comp.id} ${pos} ${comp.id}_int ${source}`,
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`R_${comp.id}_esr ${comp.id}_int ${neg} ${esr}`,
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],
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modelsUsed: new Set(),
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};
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},
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// ── Signal generator (AC / pulse / DC) ───────────────────────────────────
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// Properties:
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// waveform: 'sine' | 'square' | 'dc' (default 'sine')
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@ -128,22 +128,36 @@ export async function verifyCircuit(
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const branchCurrents = solve.branchCurrents;
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// ── Rule 1: short circuit / power source overload ──────────────────────
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// Every voltage source (battery / signal-generator) emits a branch current
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// `i(v_<id>)`. SPICE convention: V-source's current is measured + → −
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// INTERNALLY, so external current draw is the absolute value.
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// Every voltage source (battery / signal-generator / power-supply) emits
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// a branch current `i(v_<id>)`. SPICE convention: V-source's current is
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// measured + → − INTERNALLY, so external current draw is the absolute
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// value.
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//
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// power-supply components carry a per-instance `currentLimit` property
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// that overrides the global short-circuit threshold — that matches what
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// a real bench supply does: a 100mA-limited supply trips at 100mA, a
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// 5A-limited supply tolerates up to 5A before flagging fault.
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const sourceComponents = input.components.filter((c) =>
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/^(battery|signal-generator)/.test(c.metadataId),
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/^(battery|signal-generator|power-supply)/.test(c.metadataId),
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);
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for (const src of sourceComponents) {
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const i = Math.abs(branchCurrents[`v_${src.id}`] ?? 0);
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if (i >= config.shortCircuitAmps) {
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const perInstanceLimit =
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src.metadataId === 'power-supply'
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? Number(src.properties?.currentLimit ?? config.shortCircuitAmps)
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: config.shortCircuitAmps;
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const threshold = Number.isFinite(perInstanceLimit) && perInstanceLimit > 0
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? perInstanceLimit
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: config.shortCircuitAmps;
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if (i >= threshold) {
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const isPsu = src.metadataId === 'power-supply';
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errors.push({
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severity: 'error',
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code: 'short-circuit',
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code: isPsu ? 'source-overload' : 'short-circuit',
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componentId: src.id,
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message: `Possible short circuit — ${src.metadataId} ${src.id} is delivering ${formatAmps(
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i,
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)} (threshold ${formatAmps(config.shortCircuitAmps)}). Check for 5 V tied directly to GND.`,
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message: isPsu
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? `Power supply ${src.id} is being asked for ${formatAmps(i)} — past its ${formatAmps(threshold)} current limit. A real bench supply would foldback or cut out. Raise the currentLimit or add more series resistance to the load.`
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: `Possible short circuit — ${src.metadataId} ${src.id} is delivering ${formatAmps(i)} (threshold ${formatAmps(threshold)}). Check for power tied directly to GND.`,
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metric: i,
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});
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}
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@ -1044,6 +1044,65 @@
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"analog"
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]
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},
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{
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"id": "power-supply",
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"tagName": "wokwi-signal-generator",
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"name": "Regulated Power Supply",
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"category": "analog",
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"description": "Bench DC/AC power supply with optional current limit. DC mode for fixed rails (5V, 12V, etc.); AC mode for sine sources. Visually shares the signal-generator chassis so no new Web Component is needed. The current limit is enforced by the circuit verifier — if any load pulls more than the configured amperage, Run is blocked with a 'source-overload' warning, mimicking a real bench supply's foldback behavior.",
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"properties": [
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{
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"name": "mode",
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"type": "string",
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"defaultValue": "dc",
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"control": "select",
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"options": [
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"dc",
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"ac"
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],
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"description": "DC for fixed rails, AC for sine waveform output"
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},
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{
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"name": "voltage",
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"type": "number",
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"defaultValue": 5,
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"control": "text",
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"description": "Output voltage in V (DC mode) or peak amplitude (AC mode)"
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},
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{
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"name": "frequency",
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"type": "number",
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"defaultValue": 50,
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"control": "text",
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"description": "Frequency in Hz (AC mode only)"
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},
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{
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"name": "currentLimit",
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"type": "number",
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"defaultValue": 1,
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"control": "text",
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"description": "Maximum sourced current in A. The verifier warns when exceeded."
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}
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],
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"defaultValues": {
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"mode": "dc",
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"voltage": 5,
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"frequency": 50,
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"currentLimit": 1
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},
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"pinCount": 2,
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"tags": [
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"power-supply",
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"regulated",
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"source",
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"psu",
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"bench",
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"lab",
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"dc",
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"ac",
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"analog"
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]
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},
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{
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"id": "signal-generator",
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"tagName": "wokwi-signal-generator",
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