elemes/services/lesson_service.py

1043 lines
40 KiB
Python

"""
Lesson loading, ordering, and markdown rendering.
"""
import os
import re
import html as html_module
import bleach
from functools import lru_cache
from threading import Lock
from urllib.parse import urlparse
import markdown as md
from config import CONTENT_DIR
# Generic file cache (path -> {content, mtime})
_file_cache = {} # {path: {'content': str, 'mtime': float}}
_file_cache_lock = Lock()
_markdown_cache = {}
_markdown_lock = Lock()
# Pre-computed absolute path for home.md (avoids repeated syscall on hot path)
_HOME_MD_PATH = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(CONTENT_DIR, "home.md"))
def _read_md_cached(path):
"""Read any markdown file with mtime-based caching.
Uses a single dict cache keyed by absolute path.
Returns empty string if file is missing or unreadable.
"""
if not os.path.exists(path):
return ""
try:
current_mtime = os.path.getmtime(path)
except OSError:
cached = _file_cache.get(path)
return (cached['content'] if cached else "") or ""
with _file_cache_lock:
cached = _file_cache.get(path)
if cached and cached['mtime'] == current_mtime:
return cached['content']
# Read outside the lock (no file I/O under lock)
try:
with open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
content = f.read()
except (OSError, PermissionError) as e:
print(f"Warning: Could not read {path}: {e}")
cached = _file_cache.get(path)
return (cached['content'] if cached else "") or ""
with _file_cache_lock:
_file_cache[path] = {'content': content, 'mtime': current_mtime}
# If this is the root home.md, invalidate downstream caches
if os.path.abspath(path) == _HOME_MD_PATH:
find_lesson_file.cache_clear()
get_lessons.cache_clear()
get_lesson_names.cache_clear()
get_lessons_with_learning_objectives.cache_clear()
with _markdown_lock:
_markdown_cache.clear()
return content
def _read_home_md():
"""Read root home.md — thin wrapper for backwards compatibility."""
path = os.path.join(CONTENT_DIR, "home.md")
return _read_md_cached(path)
def _parse_lesson_links(home_content):
"""Extract (link_text, filename) pairs from the Available_Lessons section.
Skips sub-home.md entries so they don't appear as lessons.
"""
parts = re.split(r'-{3,}Available_Lessons-{3,}', home_content)
if len(parts) <= 1:
return []
lesson_list_content = parts[-1]
# Allow optional leading slash in /lesson/ prefix
links = re.findall(r'\[([^\]]+)\]\((?:/?lesson/)?([^\)]+)\)', lesson_list_content)
processed_links = []
for title, slug in links:
filename = slug if slug.endswith('.md') else slug + '.md'
# Skip sub-home.md — it's not a lesson
if filename == 'sub-home.md':
continue
processed_links.append((title, filename))
return processed_links
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Lesson listing
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@lru_cache(maxsize=128)
def find_lesson_file(filename):
"""Recursively search for filename in CONTENT_DIR and return its full path."""
# Security: Prevent directory traversal
if '/' in filename or '\\' in filename:
return None
# Skip sub-home.md — it's not a lesson
if filename == 'sub-home.md':
return None
for root, _, files in os.walk(CONTENT_DIR):
if filename in files:
return os.path.join(root, filename)
return None
@lru_cache(maxsize=32)
def get_lessons():
"""Get lessons from the Available_Lessons section in home.md."""
lessons = []
home_content = _read_home_md()
if not home_content:
return lessons
for link_text, filename in _parse_lesson_links(home_content):
file_path = find_lesson_file(filename)
if not file_path:
continue
with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
content = f.read()
lines = content.split('\n')
title = link_text
description = "Learn C programming concepts with practical examples."
for i, line in enumerate(lines):
if line.startswith('# ') and title == link_text:
if title == "Untitled" or title == link_text:
title = line[2:].strip()
elif title != "Untitled" and line.strip() != "" and not line.startswith('#') and i < 10:
clean_line = line.strip().replace('#', '').strip()
if len(clean_line) > 10:
description = clean_line
break
lessons.append({
'filename': filename,
'title': title,
'description': description,
'path': file_path,
})
return lessons
@lru_cache(maxsize=32)
def get_lesson_names():
"""Get lesson names (without .md extension) from Available_Lessons."""
home_content = _read_home_md()
if not home_content:
return []
names = []
for _link_text, filename in _parse_lesson_links(home_content):
file_path = find_lesson_file(filename)
if file_path:
names.append(filename.replace('.md', ''))
return names
@lru_cache(maxsize=32)
def get_lessons_with_learning_objectives():
"""Get lessons with learning objectives extracted from LESSON_INFO sections."""
lessons = []
home_content = _read_home_md()
if not home_content:
return lessons
for link_text, filename in _parse_lesson_links(home_content):
file_path = find_lesson_file(filename)
if not file_path:
continue
with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
content = f.read()
title = link_text
description = "Learn C programming concepts with practical examples."
lesson_info_start = content.find('---LESSON_INFO---')
lesson_info_end = content.find('---END_LESSON_INFO---')
prerequisite_titles = []
if lesson_info_start != -1 and lesson_info_end != -1:
lesson_info_section = content[lesson_info_start + len('---LESSON_INFO---'):lesson_info_end]
# Extract Learning Objectives
objectives_start = lesson_info_section.find('**Learning Objectives:**')
if objectives_start != -1:
objectives_section = lesson_info_section[objectives_start:]
objective_matches = re.findall(r'- ([^\n]+)', objectives_section)
if objective_matches:
description = '; '.join(objective_matches[:3])
else:
lines_after = lesson_info_section[objectives_start:].split('\n')[1:4]
description = ' '.join(line.strip() for line in lines_after if line.strip())
# Extract Prerequisites
prereq_start = lesson_info_section.find('**Prerequisites:**')
if prereq_start != -1:
prereq_section = lesson_info_section[prereq_start + len('**Prerequisites:**'):]
# Look for bullet points - support both plain text and markdown link format
# Plain text: - Hello, World!
# Markdown link: - [Hello, World!](lesson/hello_world.md)
bullet_lines = re.findall(r'- ([^\n]+)', prereq_section)
prerequisite_slugs = []
for bullet in bullet_lines:
bullet = bullet.strip()
# Filter out "None" or "Tidak ada"
if bullet.lower() in ('tidak ada', 'none', '-', ''):
continue
# Check if it's a markdown link format [title](path)
md_link_match = re.match(r'\[([^\]]+)\]\(([^)]+)\)', bullet)
if md_link_match:
# Extract slug from the link path
link_path = md_link_match.group(2)
# Handle paths like lesson/hello_world.md or just hello_world.md
slug = link_path.replace('.md', '').split('/')[-1]
prerequisite_slugs.append(slug)
else:
# Plain text - keep as title for later resolution
prerequisite_slugs.append(bullet)
prerequisite_titles = prerequisite_slugs
content_after_info = content[lesson_info_end + len('---END_LESSON_INFO---'):].strip()
for line in content_after_info.split('\n'):
if line.startswith('# '):
title = line[2:].strip()
break
else:
lines = content.split('\n')
for line in lines:
if line.startswith('# ') and title == link_text:
if title == "Untitled" or title == link_text:
title = line[2:].strip()
break
lessons.append({
'filename': filename,
'title': title,
'description': description,
'path': file_path,
'prerequisite_titles': prerequisite_titles,
})
return lessons
def get_ordered_lessons_with_learning_objectives(progress=None):
"""Get lessons ordered per home.md with completion status from progress dict."""
home_content = _read_home_md()
lesson_links = _parse_lesson_links(home_content) if home_content else []
all_lessons = get_lessons_with_learning_objectives()
# Build title -> slug mapping for prerequisite resolution
title_to_slug = {lesson['title']: lesson['filename'].replace('.md', '') for lesson in all_lessons}
# Also map link text from home.md
for link_text, filename in lesson_links:
title_to_slug[link_text] = filename.replace('.md', '')
def _add_completion_and_prereqs(lesson, progress):
slug = lesson['filename'].replace('.md', '')
if progress:
status = progress.get(slug, '')
lesson['completed'] = status not in (None, '', 'not_started')
else:
lesson['completed'] = False
# Resolve prerequisites - now contains slugs directly from markdown links
# or still contains plain text titles that need resolution
items = lesson.get('prerequisite_titles', [])
resolved_prereqs = []
for item in items:
# If it's already a valid slug (exists in all_lessons), use it directly
if item in title_to_slug.values():
resolved_prereqs.append(item)
# Otherwise try to resolve via title mapping
elif item in title_to_slug:
resolved_prereqs.append(title_to_slug[item])
lesson['prerequisites'] = resolved_prereqs
return lesson
if lesson_links:
ordered = []
for link_text, filename in lesson_links:
for lesson in all_lessons:
if lesson['filename'] == filename:
copy = lesson.copy()
copy['title'] = link_text
_add_completion_and_prereqs(copy, progress)
ordered.append(copy)
break
seen = {l['filename'] for l in ordered}
for lesson in all_lessons:
if lesson['filename'] not in seen:
copy = lesson.copy()
_add_completion_and_prereqs(copy, progress)
ordered.append(copy)
return ordered
ordered_fallback = []
for lesson in all_lessons:
copy = lesson.copy()
_add_completion_and_prereqs(copy, progress)
ordered_fallback.append(copy)
return ordered_fallback
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Sub-Home helpers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def find_sub_home_for_lesson(file_path):
"""Find sub-home.md in the same folder as file_path, or None.
Returns (sub_home_path, folder_name) or (None, None).
Handles PermissionError gracefully.
"""
if not file_path:
return None, None
folder = os.path.dirname(file_path)
sub_home_path = os.path.join(folder, 'sub-home.md')
if not os.path.exists(sub_home_path):
return None, None
# Permission check
try:
if not os.access(sub_home_path, os.R_OK):
print(f"Warning: Cannot read {sub_home_path} (permission denied)")
return None, None
except OSError:
return None, None
folder_name = os.path.basename(folder)
return sub_home_path, folder_name
@lru_cache(maxsize=32)
def get_sub_home_data(folder_name):
"""Return parsed sub-home data for a given folder name.
Returns dict with keys: title, intro_html, lessons, folder, url.
Returns None if no sub-home.md found or unreadable.
"""
folder_path = os.path.join(CONTENT_DIR, folder_name)
if not os.path.isdir(folder_path):
return None
sub_home_path = os.path.join(folder_path, 'sub-home.md')
if not os.path.exists(sub_home_path):
return None
# Permission check
try:
if not os.access(sub_home_path, os.R_OK):
print(f"Warning: Cannot read {sub_home_path} (permission denied)")
return None
except OSError:
return None
content = _read_md_cached(sub_home_path)
if not content:
return None
# Extract intro (before Available_Lessons)
parts = re.split(r'-{3,}Available_Lessons-{3,}', content)
intro_raw = parts[0] if parts else content
# Remove heading from intro if present (it becomes the title)
title = folder_name.replace('_', ' ').title()
intro_lines = intro_raw.strip().split('\n')
if intro_lines and intro_lines[0].startswith('# '):
title = intro_lines[0][2:].strip()
intro_raw = '\n'.join(intro_lines[1:])
intro_html = md.markdown(intro_raw, extensions=['fenced_code', 'tables', 'mdx_math']) if intro_raw.strip() else ''
# Parse lesson links from Available_Lessons
lesson_links = _parse_lesson_links(content)
lessons = []
for link_text, filename in lesson_links:
file_path = find_lesson_file(filename)
if not file_path:
continue
try:
with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
lesson_content = f.read()
except (OSError, PermissionError):
continue
lesson_title = link_text
description = "Learn C programming concepts with practical examples."
prerequisite_titles = []
lesson_info_start = lesson_content.find('---LESSON_INFO---')
lesson_info_end = lesson_content.find('---END_LESSON_INFO---')
if lesson_info_start != -1 and lesson_info_end != -1:
lesson_info_section = lesson_content[lesson_info_start + len('---LESSON_INFO---'):lesson_info_end]
objectives_start = lesson_info_section.find('**Learning Objectives:**')
if objectives_start != -1:
objectives_section = lesson_info_section[objectives_start:]
objective_matches = re.findall(r'- ([^\n]+)', objectives_section)
if objective_matches:
description = '; '.join(objective_matches[:3])
# Extract Prerequisites
prereq_start = lesson_info_section.find('**Prerequisites:**')
if prereq_start != -1:
prereq_section = lesson_info_section[prereq_start + len('**Prerequisites:**'):]
bullet_lines = re.findall(r'- ([^\n]+)', prereq_section)
for bullet in bullet_lines:
bullet = bullet.strip()
if bullet.lower() in ('tidak ada', 'none', '-', ''):
continue
md_link_match = re.match(r'\[([^\]]+)\]\(([^)]+)\)', bullet)
if md_link_match:
link_path = md_link_match.group(2)
slug = link_path.replace('.md', '').split('/')[-1]
prerequisite_titles.append(slug)
else:
prerequisite_titles.append(bullet)
else:
for line in lesson_content.split('\n')[:10]:
if line.startswith('# '):
lesson_title = line[2:].strip()
break
lessons.append({
'filename': filename,
'title': lesson_title,
'description': description,
'path': file_path,
'prerequisite_titles': prerequisite_titles,
})
return {
'title': title,
'intro_html': intro_html,
'lessons': lessons,
'folder': folder_name,
'url': f'/bab/{folder_name}',
}
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Markdown rendering
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
MD_EXTENSIONS = ['fenced_code', 'tables', 'nl2br', 'toc', 'mdx_math']
# Domain blacklist for embed iframe src (must be https).
EMBED_BLOCKED_HOSTS = {
'localhost', '127.0.0.1', '0.0.0.0',
'metadata.google.internal', '169.254.169.254',
}
# HTML sanitization config for ```embed fences (raw HTML embed code)
EMBED_ALLOWED_TAGS = ['div', 'iframe', 'a', 'span', 'p', 'br', 'img']
EMBED_ALLOWED_ATTRS = {
'div': ['style', 'class'],
'iframe': ['src', 'style', 'loading', 'allowfullscreen', 'allow', 'title', 'class'],
'a': ['href', 'target', 'rel', 'style', 'class'],
'span': ['style', 'class'],
'p': ['style', 'class'],
'img': ['src', 'alt', 'style', 'class', 'loading'],
'*': ['class'],
}
EMBED_ALLOWED_STYLES = [
'position', 'width', 'height', 'padding', 'padding-top', 'padding-bottom',
'padding-left', 'padding-right', 'margin', 'margin-top', 'margin-bottom',
'margin-left', 'margin-right', 'border', 'border-radius',
'overflow', 'box-shadow', 'top', 'left', 'right', 'bottom',
'will-change', 'display', 'flex-direction', 'gap',
'max-width', 'max-height', 'min-height',
]
def _process_circuit_embeds(text):
"""Replace ```circuit[,width][,height] code fences with embeddable HTML divs.
Supported formats:
```circuit -> width=100%, height=400px
```circuit,500px -> width=100%, height=500px
```circuit,80%,500px -> width=80%, height=500px
"""
pattern = re.compile(
r'```circuit(?:,([^\s,`]+))?(?:,([^\s,`]+))?\s*\n(.*?)```',
re.DOTALL,
)
def _replacer(match):
param1 = match.group(1)
param2 = match.group(2)
# One param = height only; two params = width, height
if param1 and param2:
width, height = param1, param2
elif param1:
width, height = '100%', param1
else:
width, height = '100%', '400px'
data = html_module.escape(match.group(3).strip())
return (
f'<div class="circuit-embed" '
f'data-width="{html_module.escape(width)}" '
f'data-height="{html_module.escape(height)}">'
f'<pre class="circuit-data" style="display:none">{data}</pre>'
f'<div class="circuit-embed-loading">Memuat simulator...</div>'
f'</div>'
)
return pattern.sub(_replacer, text)
def _process_flowchart_embeds(text):
"""Replace ```flowchart[,width][,height] code fences with embeddable HTML divs.
Supported formats:
```flowchart -> width=100%, height=400px
```flowchart,500px -> width=100%, height=500px
```flowchart,80%,500px -> width=80%, height=500px
"""
pattern = re.compile(
r'```flowchart(?:,([^\s,`]+))?(?:,([^\s,`]+))?\s*\n(.*?)```',
re.DOTALL,
)
def _replacer(match):
param1 = match.group(1)
param2 = match.group(2)
# One param = height only; two params = width, height
if param1 and param2:
width, height = param1, param2
elif param1:
width, height = '100%', param1
else:
width, height = '100%', '400px'
data = html_module.escape(match.group(3).strip())
return (
f'<div class="flowchart-embed" '
f'data-width="{html_module.escape(width)}" '
f'data-height="{html_module.escape(height)}">'
f'<pre class="flowchart-data" style="display:none">{data}</pre>'
f'<div class="flowchart-embed-loading">Memuat flowchart...</div>'
f'</div>'
)
return pattern.sub(_replacer, text)
def _sanitize_embed_html(html_text):
"""Sanitize raw embed HTML: whitelist tags/attrs/styles + check iframe src domain."""
cleaned = bleach.clean(
html_text,
tags=EMBED_ALLOWED_TAGS,
attributes=EMBED_ALLOWED_ATTRS,
strip=True,
)
# Optional CSS sanitization — requires tinycss2 (skip if not installed)
try:
from bleach.css_sanitizer import CSSSanitizer
css_sanitizer = CSSSanitizer(allowed_css_properties=EMBED_ALLOWED_STYLES)
cleaned = bleach.clean(
html_text,
tags=EMBED_ALLOWED_TAGS,
attributes=EMBED_ALLOWED_ATTRS,
css_sanitizer=css_sanitizer,
strip=True,
)
except ImportError:
pass # tinycss2 missing — CSS styles left unsanitized but tags/attrs still stripped
# Check every iframe src: must be https + not blacklisted
for match in re.finditer(r'<iframe[^>]+src="([^"]*)"', cleaned):
src = match.group(1)
try:
host = (urlparse(src).hostname or '').lower()
except Exception:
return '<div class="embed-error">Konten embed ditolak: URL iframe tidak valid.</div>'
if not src.startswith('https://'):
return '<div class="embed-error">Konten embed ditolak: iframe harus https.</div>'
if host in EMBED_BLOCKED_HOSTS or any(host.endswith('.' + h) for h in EMBED_BLOCKED_HOSTS):
return '<div class="embed-error">Konten embed ditolak: domain iframe diblokir.</div>'
return cleaned
def _process_embed_embeds(text):
"""Replace ```embed fences containing raw HTML embed code with sanitized HTML.
User pastes embed code from Canva/YouTube/Google Docs (Share → Embed).
HTML is sanitized via bleach (whitelist tags/attrs/styles) and iframe src
is checked against EMBED_BLOCKED_HOSTS.
"""
pattern = re.compile(
r'```embed\s*\n(.*?)```',
re.DOTALL,
)
def _replacer(match):
raw_html = match.group(1).strip()
if not raw_html:
return '<div class="embed-error">Konten embed kosong.</div>'
return _sanitize_embed_html(raw_html)
return pattern.sub(_replacer, text)
_OPTION_LINE_RE = re.compile(r'^\s*-\s*\[([ xX]?)\]\s*(.*)$')
def _iter_option_lines(body):
"""Yield (char_index, mark, content) for option lines outside fenced code.
Lines inside ``` fenced blocks are skipped so code examples containing
'- [x] ...' are never mistaken for real options.
"""
in_fence = False
pos = 0
for line in body.split('\n'):
if line.strip().startswith('```'):
in_fence = not in_fence
elif not in_fence:
m = _OPTION_LINE_RE.match(line)
if m:
yield pos, m.group(1), m.group(2)
pos += len(line) + 1
def _extract_body_image(text):
"""Return (image_url, cleaned_text) for the first markdown image found
outside fenced code blocks. cleaned_text has that image markup removed.
Returns (None, text) when no image is found.
"""
lines = text.split('\n')
fence = False
for idx, line in enumerate(lines):
stripped = line.strip()
if stripped.startswith('```'):
fence = not fence
continue
if fence:
continue
m = re.search(r'!\[[^\]]*\]\(([^)]+)\)', line)
if m:
url = m.group(1).strip()
cleaned_line = line[:m.start()] + line[m.end():]
cleaned_lines = lines[:idx] + ([cleaned_line] if cleaned_line.strip() else []) + lines[idx + 1:]
return url, '\n'.join(cleaned_lines).strip()
return None, text
def _parse_flashcards(text):
"""Parse a string of markdown with headings and options into a list of dicts.
Supports two formats:
1. Simple Flashcard: '### Question\nAnswer'
2. Multiple Choice (MCQ):
'### Question
[optional rich markdown body: paragraphs, fenced code, tables, math]
- [] option 1
- [x] option 2 (Correct)
- [] option 3
> Explanation'
Every question and option receives a stable id based on original parse
order ('q-0', 'q-0-o-0', ...) — the frontend uses these ids for shuffling
and scoring, so they must never depend on display order.
"""
if not text.strip():
return []
# Split by headings starting with #, ##, or ###
parts = re.split(r'^#{1,3}\s+', text, flags=re.MULTILINE)
flashcards = []
for part in parts:
if not part.strip():
continue
# First line is the question (Front)
subparts = part.split('\n', 1)
question = subparts[0].strip()
body = subparts[1] if len(subparts) > 1 else ""
if not question:
continue
# Initialize image_url - will be set from markdown image or 'image:' directive
image_url = ""
# Extract image from markdown syntax ![...](path) in question
md_image_match = re.search(r'!\[.*?\]\(([^)]+)\)', question)
if md_image_match:
md_image_path = md_image_match.group(1).strip()
# Jika path lokal (/assets/ atau bare filename) dan belum ada image dari 'image:' directive
if md_image_path.startswith('/assets/') or (not md_image_path.startswith(('http://', 'https://')) and not image_url):
image_url = md_image_path
# Check for image: URL
image_match = re.search(r'^\s*image:\s*(.*)$', body, re.MULTILINE)
if image_match:
image_url = image_match.group(1).strip() # Override jika ada 'image:' directive
if image_url.startswith('/assets/'):
# Path sudah lengkap, tidak perlu konversi
pass
elif not image_url.startswith(('http://', 'https://', '/')):
image_url = f'/assets/{image_url}'
body = re.sub(r'^\s*image:\s*.*$', '', body, flags=re.MULTILINE).strip()
# Option lines outside fenced code, in original order
option_lines = list(_iter_option_lines(body))
first_option_idx = option_lines[0][0] if option_lines else len(body)
# Explanation blockquote: after the options for MCQ, anywhere for flashcard
explanation_search_region = body[first_option_idx:] if option_lines else body
explanation_match = re.search(r'^\s*(>.*)$', explanation_search_region, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
explanation = explanation_match.group(1).strip() if explanation_match else ""
q_id = f'q-{len(flashcards)}'
# If MCQ options exist, it's an MCQ.
if option_lines:
parsed_options = []
for _, mark, content in option_lines:
is_correct = mark.lower() == 'x'
parsed_options.append({
'id': f'{q_id}-o-{len(parsed_options)}',
'text': md.markdown(content.strip(), extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS),
'is_correct': is_correct
})
correct_count = sum(1 for opt in parsed_options if opt['is_correct'])
if correct_count != 1:
raise ValueError(
f"Soal kuis ke-{len(flashcards) + 1} wajib punya tepat satu opsi benar "
f"(ditemukan {correct_count})."
)
# Rich question prompt: heading + everything before the first option
# line (paragraphs, fenced code, tables, math), through the same
# embed pipeline used for lesson material.
prompt_body = body[:first_option_idx].strip()
# Extract markdown image from the prompt body (outside code fences)
# if no image was found in the heading / image: directive yet, and
# drop it from the prompt so it is not rendered twice.
if not image_url:
extracted_url, prompt_body = _extract_body_image(prompt_body)
if extracted_url:
image_url = extracted_url
prompt_text = f"{question}\n\n{prompt_body}" if prompt_body else question
prompt_text = _process_circuit_embeds(prompt_text)
prompt_text = _process_flowchart_embeds(prompt_text)
prompt_text = _process_embed_embeds(prompt_text)
flashcards.append({
'id': q_id,
'type': 'mcq',
'question': md.markdown(prompt_text, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS),
'options': parsed_options,
'explanation': md.markdown(explanation, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS) if explanation else "",
'image': image_url
})
else:
# It's a simple Flashcard
# Remove explanation from body if it's there to keep 'back' clean
clean_back = body
if explanation_match:
clean_back = body[:explanation_match.start()].strip()
flashcards.append({
'id': q_id,
'type': 'flashcard',
'front': md.markdown(question, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS),
'back': md.markdown(clean_back, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS),
'explanation': md.markdown(explanation, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS) if explanation else "",
'image': image_url,
'options': None
})
return flashcards
def _extract_section(content, start_marker, end_marker):
"""Extract text between markers and return (extracted, remaining_content)."""
if start_marker not in content or end_marker not in content:
return "", content
start_idx = content.find(start_marker)
end_idx = content.find(end_marker)
if start_idx == -1 or end_idx == -1 or end_idx <= start_idx:
return "", content
extracted = content[start_idx + len(start_marker):end_idx].strip()
remaining = content[:start_idx] + content[end_idx + len(end_marker):]
return extracted, remaining
def render_markdown_content(file_path):
"""Parse a lesson markdown file and return structured HTML parts as a dictionary."""
try:
current_mtime = os.path.getmtime(file_path)
except OSError:
current_mtime = 0.0
with _markdown_lock:
cached = _markdown_cache.get(file_path)
if cached and cached['mtime'] == current_mtime:
return cached['data']
with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
content = f.read()
lesson_content = content
active_tabs = []
# Check for collective tags before extracting them
# Priority: INITIAL_CODE_ARDUINO → velxio mode (exclusive, ignores C/Python tabs)
if '---INITIAL_CODE_ARDUINO---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('velxio')
else:
if '---INITIAL_CODE---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('c')
if '---INITIAL_PYTHON---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('python')
if '---INITIAL_CIRCUIT---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('circuit')
if '---INITIAL_FLOWCHART---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('flowchart')
if '---INITIAL_QUIZ---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('quiz')
if '---QUIZ_FLASHCARD---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('quiz')
# Velxio circuit-only: has VELXIO_CIRCUIT but no INITIAL_CODE_ARDUINO
if '---VELXIO_CIRCUIT---' in lesson_content and 'velxio' not in active_tabs:
active_tabs.append('velxio')
# Default to 'c' if nothing specified (for backwards compatibility)
if not active_tabs and '---INITIAL_CODE---' not in lesson_content and '---INITIAL_PYTHON---' not in lesson_content and '---INITIAL_CIRCUIT---' not in lesson_content and '---INITIAL_FLOWCHART---' not in lesson_content and '---INITIAL_QUIZ---' not in lesson_content and '---QUIZ_FLASHCARD---' not in lesson_content:
# If it's a completely plain old file, assume it has a code editor available
if '---EXERCISE---' in lesson_content:
active_tabs.append('c')
# Extract special sections (order matters — each extraction removes the section)
expected_output, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---EXPECTED_OUTPUT---', '---END_EXPECTED_OUTPUT---')
expected_output_python, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---EXPECTED_OUTPUT_PYTHON---', '---END_EXPECTED_OUTPUT_PYTHON---')
expected_circuit_output, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---EXPECTED_CIRCUIT_OUTPUT---', '---END_EXPECTED_CIRCUIT_OUTPUT---')
key_text, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---KEY_TEXT---', '---END_KEY_TEXT---')
key_text_circuit, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---KEY_TEXT_CIRCUIT---', '---END_KEY_TEXT_CIRCUIT---')
# Lesson info has a special fallback for old format
lesson_info = ""
if '---LESSON_INFO---' in lesson_content and '---END_LESSON_INFO---' in lesson_content:
lesson_info, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---LESSON_INFO---', '---END_LESSON_INFO---')
elif '---LESSON_INFO---' in lesson_content:
parts = lesson_content.split('---LESSON_INFO---', 1)
if len(parts) == 2:
lesson_info = parts[0].strip()
lesson_content = parts[1].strip()
solution_code, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---SOLUTION_CODE---', '---END_SOLUTION_CODE---')
solution_circuit, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---SOLUTION_CIRCUIT---', '---END_SOLUTION_CIRCUIT---')
solution_python, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---SOLUTION_PYTHON---', '---END_SOLUTION_PYTHON---')
# Initial codes (C, Python, Circuit, Quiz)
initial_code_c, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---INITIAL_CODE---', '---END_INITIAL_CODE---')
initial_python, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---INITIAL_PYTHON---', '---END_INITIAL_PYTHON---')
initial_circuit, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---INITIAL_CIRCUIT---', '---END_INITIAL_CIRCUIT---')
initial_flowchart_str, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---INITIAL_FLOWCHART---', '---END_INITIAL_FLOWCHART---')
initial_flowchart = None
if initial_flowchart_str:
import json
try:
initial_flowchart = json.loads(initial_flowchart_str)
except:
initial_flowchart = {}
initial_quiz, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---INITIAL_QUIZ---', '---END_INITIAL_QUIZ---')
quiz_flashcard_raw, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---QUIZ_FLASHCARD---', '---END_QUIZ_FLASHCARD---')
quiz_data = _parse_flashcards(quiz_flashcard_raw)
# Arduino/Velxio sections
initial_code_arduino, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---INITIAL_CODE_ARDUINO---', '---END_INITIAL_CODE_ARDUINO---')
velxio_circuit, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---VELXIO_CIRCUIT---', '---END_VELXIO_CIRCUIT---')
expected_serial_output, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---EXPECTED_SERIAL_OUTPUT---', '---END_EXPECTED_SERIAL_OUTPUT---')
expected_wiring, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---EXPECTED_WIRING---', '---END_EXPECTED_WIRING---')
expected_flowchart, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---EXPECTED_FLOWCHART---', '---END_EXPECTED_FLOWCHART---')
evaluation_config, lesson_content = _extract_section(
lesson_content, '---EVALUATION_CONFIG---', '---END_EVALUATION_CONFIG---')
# Extract Slides
slides_raw, _ = _extract_section(lesson_content, '---slide-start---', '---slide-end---')
slides_html = []
if slides_raw:
# Replace the entire slide block with a mount point in the lesson_content
# We need to find the exact indices to replace it surgically
start_marker = '---slide-start---'
end_marker = '---slide-end---'
s_idx = lesson_content.find(start_marker)
e_idx = lesson_content.find(end_marker)
if s_idx != -1 and e_idx != -1 and e_idx > s_idx:
lesson_content = (
lesson_content[:s_idx] +
'<div id="slide-mount-point"></div>' +
lesson_content[e_idx + len(end_marker):]
)
# Parse slides
slide_parts = re.split(r'^\s*---\s*$', slides_raw, flags=re.MULTILINE)
for s in slide_parts:
if s.strip():
# Process embeds in slides too
s = _process_circuit_embeds(s)
s = _process_flowchart_embeds(s)
s = _process_embed_embeds(s)
slides_html.append(md.markdown(s.strip(), extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS))
# Just use whichever initial code matched as the generic 'initial_code' for simplicity
# if only one type exists, but return all as dictionary values.
# Typically frontend uses 'initial_code' for legacy.
initial_code = initial_code_c or initial_python or initial_circuit or initial_quiz
# Split lesson vs exercise
parts = lesson_content.split('---EXERCISE---')
lesson_content = parts[0] if parts else lesson_content
exercise_content = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else ""
# Convert ```circuit and ```flowchart fences to embed divs before markdown rendering
lesson_content = _process_circuit_embeds(lesson_content)
lesson_content = _process_flowchart_embeds(lesson_content)
lesson_content = _process_embed_embeds(lesson_content)
if exercise_content:
exercise_content = _process_circuit_embeds(exercise_content)
exercise_content = _process_flowchart_embeds(exercise_content)
exercise_content = _process_embed_embeds(exercise_content)
if lesson_info:
lesson_info = _process_circuit_embeds(lesson_info)
lesson_info = _process_flowchart_embeds(lesson_info)
lesson_info = _process_embed_embeds(lesson_info)
lesson_html = md.markdown(lesson_content, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS)
exercise_html = md.markdown(exercise_content, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS) if exercise_content else ""
lesson_info_html = md.markdown(lesson_info, extensions=MD_EXTENSIONS) if lesson_info else ""
parsed_data = {
'lesson_html': lesson_html,
'exercise_html': exercise_html,
'expected_output': expected_output,
'expected_output_python': expected_output_python,
'expected_circuit_output': expected_circuit_output,
'expected_flowchart': expected_flowchart,
'lesson_info': lesson_info_html,
'initial_code': initial_code,
'solution_code': solution_code,
'solution_circuit': solution_circuit,
'solution_python': solution_python,
'key_text': key_text,
'key_text_circuit': key_text_circuit,
'initial_code_c': initial_code_c,
'initial_python': initial_python,
'initial_circuit': initial_circuit,
'initial_flowchart': initial_flowchart_str or initial_flowchart,
'initial_quiz': initial_quiz,
'initial_code_arduino': initial_code_arduino,
'velxio_circuit': velxio_circuit,
'expected_serial_output': expected_serial_output,
'expected_wiring': expected_wiring,
'evaluation_config': evaluation_config,
'quiz_data': quiz_data,
'active_tabs': active_tabs,
'slides': slides_html
}
with _markdown_lock:
if len(_markdown_cache) >= 128:
_markdown_cache.clear()
_markdown_cache[file_path] = {'data': parsed_data, 'mtime': current_mtime}
return parsed_data
def render_home_content():
"""Render the home.md intro section (before Available_Lessons) as HTML.
Not cached separately — relies on _read_home_md() mtime-based cache,
which is already fast (1 syscall per request). This avoids the lru_cache
multi-worker stale data problem.
"""
home_content = _read_home_md()
if not home_content:
return ""
# Use robust regex to split Available_Lessons
parts = re.split(r'-{3,}Available_Lessons-{3,}', home_content)
main_content = parts[0] if parts else home_content
return md.markdown(main_content, extensions=['fenced_code', 'tables', 'mdx_math'])