siap bimbingan artikel

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{
"label": "Compile thesis",
"type": "shell",
"command": "latexmk -pdf thesis.tex article.tex && latexmk -pdf -c thesis.tex article.tex",
"command": "latexmk -pdf -quite thesis.tex article.tex && latexmk -pdf -quite -c thesis.tex article.tex",
"problemMatcher": []
},
{
"label": "Compile articel",
"type": "shell",
"command": "latexmk -pdf article.tex && latexmk -pdf -c article.tex",
"problemMatcher": []
}
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\section{Pendahuluan}
\lettrine[nindent=0em,lines=3]{K} endali formasi adalah topik penelitian kendali multi-robot untuk memecahkan permasalahan koordinasi pergerakan \kutip{Parker2003}.
Kendali formasi bertujuan untuk mengendalikan sekelompok robot dalam mencapai formasi tertentu
dan dapat mempertahankan formasi tersebut ketika bermanuver menuju arah yang diinginkan.
Pengembangan kendali formasi dilakukan dari berbagai strategi \kutip{Guanghua2013}, yaitu
\textit{leader-follower} \kutip{6889491},
berdasarkan tingkah laku dengan \textit{Fuzzy-Logic} \kutip{ELFERIK2016117},
struktur virtual \kutip{YOSHIOKA20085149}.
Dari berbagai pengembangan tersebut dapat ambil garis besar menjadi 3 bagian \kutip{OH2015424},
yaitu berdasarkan posisi, perpindahan, dan jarak.
Ketiga bagian tersebut tertuju pada jawaban dari pertanyaan, "variable apa yang digunakan
sebagai sensor" dan "variable apa yang aktif dikendalikan oleh sistem multi-robot untuk
mencapai formasi yang diinginkan".
Dikususkan pada kendali formasi berdasarkan jarak,
Variable yang dikendalikan pada meteode ini adalah variabel jarak antar agent yang terhubung,
Koordinat yang digunakan tidak mengacu pada koordinat global.
Shingga pada penerapannya, formasi berdasarkan jarak menggunakan sensor yang lebih sedikit.
Namun salah satu permasalahan pada metode tersebut adalah penerapan model yang lebih nyata.
Pengembangan formasi berdasarkan jarak telah dikembangkan menggunakan teori \textit{graph}
pada single dan double integrator \kutip{Oh2014}
dan menerapkannya pada simpel model dengan kendali \textit{Proportional-Integral} \kutip{Rozenheck2015}.
Akan tetapi pada penerapan kendali nya,
pengukuran jarak antar tetangga diperoleh dari selisih koordinat global robot dan tetangganya.
Sedangkan dalam praktiknya robot hanya bisa mengukur jarak dan tidak mengetahui koordinat
dari robot tetangga.
Pada penelitian ini akan dikembangkan sebuah algoritma untuk mengetahui koordinat tetangga
berdasarkan informasi sensor jarak sehingga hasil pencarian koordinat tersebut dapat
digunakan pada kendali formasi berdasarkan jarak.
Percobaan akan menggunakan model robot holonomic dengan harapan menjadi langkah awal
mengembangkan kendali formasi berdasarkan jarak menggunakan model robot yang lebih nyata.

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3.98428877563285,2.354210438442071,3.198497885568023,2.062104262690988,3.171255596029766,2.664014821819411,0.1987527348263413,-0.4717843722886824,0.1683893260687256,-0.01844952289151985,0.2035215910217364,0.01277683333065334,2.484288775632854,0.6542104384420737,1.198497885568023,-0.4378957373090087,0.6712555960297663,-0.1359851781805851,1.802426541621401,0.9976854044859635,-1.221807270249968
4.003736946969026,2.305293360732214,3.214516460510206,2.059535745748209,3.192819557751246,2.664074471869646,0.1897953931755194,-0.5030442576160639,0.1524711722912106,-0.0325941037455514,0.2276840911771504,-0.01199950739305554,2.50373694696903,0.605293360732216,1.214516460510205,-0.4404642542517864,0.6928195577512463,-0.1359255281303501,1.821692089387695,1.024852294484122,-1.235346720415111
4.022187184922084,2.254328207989068,3.229097441882701,2.055648478258567,3.216747791448844,2.661556236919863,0.1790353582119577,-0.5125572637583852,0.1396996303370055,-0.04485592116682949,0.2505035636484174,-0.03851561137427211,2.522187184922088,0.5543282079890698,1.229097441882699,-0.4443515217414286,0.716747791448844,-0.1384437630801341,1.839237830307045,1.054912786127268,-1.248672045357258
4.039539058759098,2.203516926120701,3.242567180529252,2.05061802251816,3.242814466038717,2.656375359981078,0.1681106856469499,-0.4999537511916018,0.1302535637050621,-0.05550440593594896,0.2701630881122797,-0.06491268149013558,2.539539058759102,0.5035169261207024,1.242567180529251,-0.4493819774818356,0.7428144660387178,-0.1436246400189183,1.855548214714899,1.087666562036605,-1.261947522688867
4.055863860497521,2.155033316798471,3.255252544720628,2.044591235387763,3.270621510148392,2.648651691667202,0.1587805805521741,-0.466315101409026,0.123954296087361,-0.06482229984352994,0.2850821346934567,-0.08899220496013499,2.555863860497525,0.455033316798474,1.255252544720627,-0.4554087646122322,0.7706215101483929,-0.1513483083327932,1.871098547377143,1.122720166487966,-1.275333357556363
4.071397419871865,2.110895723660532,3.267449978544909,2.037694071463495,3.29963673875994,2.638726152446815,0.1525059000166246,-0.4135438726808173,0.1204031949713466,-0.07291910984852541,0.2941984777052828,-0.1086054400711803,2.571397419871868,0.4108957236605344,1.267449978544908,-0.4623059285365003,0.7996367387599407,-0.1612738475531804,1.886312949384033,1.159503663286492,-1.288957079998415
4.086499421676609,2.072875155066856,3.279407641823645,2.03005116446676,3.329252395951031,2.627139535362423,0.150257704032751,-0.3445283424043687,0.1190701136431566,-0.07970498057150149,0.2970712027603178,-0.1219671588576669,2.586499421676612,0.3728751550668586,1.279407641823644,-0.4699488355332359,0.8292523959510311,-0.1728604646375737,1.901537428214053,1.197312104145266,-1.302892506944902
4.101594296385295,2.042429166095487,3.291322188097341,2.021805919044992,3.358847486290501,2.614579313760438,0.1523588559838559,-0.2626133169739666,0.1194756032341028,-0.08490955816383974,0.2938568942364958,-0.1279587648626034,2.601594296385298,0.3424291660954878,1.291322188097339,-0.4781940809550049,0.8588474862905007,-0.1854206862395593,1.917032080919443,1.235362328045209,-1.317149938318213
4.11710631106508,2.020671767662394,3.30335064729729,2.013134044462466,3.387840801252116,2.601804977159216,0.1584991664568214,-0.1712930989409336,0.1213208252146422,-0.08817514515681295,0.2851645789703989,-0.1262650995084185,2.617106311065081,0.3206717676623949,1.303350647297287,-0.4868659555375323,0.8878408012521152,-0.1981950228407828,1.932982114082289,1.272854608795853,-1.331677969413676
4.133401525605214,2.008368838378795,3.315632468468392,2.004247175947982,3.415726920263388,2.589567436791701,0.167848921833276,-0.07402595833858051,0.1245579373740443,-0.08915478567869566,0.2718718116864356,-0.1173601429031501,2.633401525605214,0.3083688383787965,1.31563246846839,-0.4957528240520148,0.9157269202633866,-0.2104325632082968,1.949523348726456,1.309030294079407,-1.346374820600433
4.150743599368607,2.005947383400791,3.328315259103847,1.995388363976549,3.442094664719485,2.578536084566435,0.179216337585993,0.02578203259991556,0.1293933925555549,-0.08757558529719993,0.2549639229652754,-0.10237402947579,2.650743599368609,0.3059473834007921,1.328315259103845,-0.5046116360234474,0.9420946647194842,-0.2214639154335633,1.966775359592528,1.343220191057941,-1.361105933730344
4.169265524653733,2.013503612797058,3.34157779075354,1.986823969478043,3.466632358913058,2.569242788862552,0.1912084370403243,0.124952604068948,0.1362287397081045,-0.08324219134099195,0.2354323394306954,-0.08288475284094156,2.669265524653735,0.3135036127970594,1.341577790753539,-0.5131760305219547,0.9666323589130569,-0.2307572111374465,1.984874510946584,1.374881810613992,-1.375724678258532
4.188956905238912,2.030810473169094,3.355644461651835,1.978836791683299,3.489126088862305,2.562048145731739,0.20234751559301,0.2202875442798587,0.1455688817420957,-0.07600175618990772,0.2142498616750072,-0.06072913040223564,2.688956905238913,0.3308104731690958,1.355644461651833,-0.5211632083166975,0.9891260888623042,-0.2379518542682593,2.003999509257336,1.40362590367774,-1.39009368673493
4.209663940165209,2.057317124933638,3.370787779278382,1.971723335617445,3.509457235967408,2.557129074630046,0.2112914003263527,0.3083625655001147,0.1578302112253925,-0.06574043030133023,0.1923422689488478,-0.03768062554410785,2.709663940165209,0.3573171249336403,1.370787779278381,-0.5282766643825514,1.009457235967408,-0.2428709253699521,2.024383333727757,1.429233233439459,-1.404104875344341
4.231106045453381,2.092136315717746,3.387313596794037,1.965792480217263,3.527600618857807,2.554491033031606,0.2168975674109248,0.3859550208733707,0.1732180620885398,-0.05233811504505712,0.1706467500532932,-0.01533327384281924,2.731106045453382,0.3921363157177473,1.387313596794036,-0.5342075197827334,1.027600618857807,-0.2455089669683918,2.046307054485994,1.451661727338853,-1.417696460145755
4.252906788404806,2.134046446402236,3.405529817944287,1.961362128220061,3.543624854187967,2.553998152981262,0.2183915568628345,0.4496457383434783,0.1915597709443029,-0.03573835445646562,0.1501104272630359,0.005072709654020296,2.752906788404807,0.4340464464022384,1.405529817944286,-0.5386378717799359,1.043624854187966,-0.2460018470187359,2.070073898697054,1.471043740144368,-1.43086481269621
4.274640604429979,2.181498364333359,3.425700763039616,1.958746383975691,3.557691273828668,2.555417002732525,0.2155704875000399,0.4962736840850481,0.2121536989928651,-0.01609272504688084,0.1316378194648663,0.02282104285666631,2.774640604429979,0.4814983643333607,1.425700763039616,-0.5412536160243058,1.057691273828668,-0.2445829972674737,2.095965539196463,1.487671582448404,-1.443668775493195
4.295893553206928,2.232650543251788,3.447993672282453,1.958227392545702,3.57004666538178,2.558467832457725,0.2089100276482159,0.5232873633527287,0.2337496813418919,0.006069818060728193,0.116003422131741,0.03772024692330385,2.795893553206928,0.5326505432517902,1.447993672282453,-0.5417726074542948,1.07004666538178,-0.2415321675422736,2.124187048892203,1.501970138680726,-1.456224322396915
1 x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 dx1 dy1 dx2 dy2 dx3 dy3 xi1 xi2 xi3 xi4 xi5 xi6 xii1 xii2 xii3
2 1.5 1.7 2 2.5 2.5 2.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 1.660781058591101 1.868426298368491 1.983628841011567 2.482484860808699 2.410257413075477 2.696504532616002 1.27949252103798 1.240940703645519 -0.1207657640295765 -0.07062913180644501 -0.5345525093964825 -0.6568619543827603 0.1607810585911011 0.1684262983684909 -0.01637115898843293 -0.01751513919130067 -0.08974258692452401 -0.1034954673839971 0.01715695680941148 0.1194518091673519 -0.02212979885273052
4 1.762259731920101 1.956881131591067 1.973912175750599 2.481742292588593 2.380894817266495 2.656245782919073 0.8427987905435247 0.6324081649631463 -0.08623766058620347 0.03441983498203231 -0.1329271024764415 -0.2345266492578352 0.2622597319201017 0.2568811315910671 -0.02608782424940144 -0.01825770741140739 -0.1191051827335051 -0.143754217080926 0.00604011529526637 0.1726653286098336 -0.05131223202037664
5 1.838469547022209 2.004825469535237 1.965124965200509 2.487274516343183 2.375796656925463 2.641199662048948 0.7044046184110547 0.3499834419124177 -0.09268990031461698 0.07099964517732898 0.01114022853175356 -0.08723167196744439 0.3384695470222104 0.3048254695352389 -0.03487503479948977 -0.01272548365681468 -0.1242033430745345 -0.1588003379510486 -0.01595747132007437 0.2000254898422428 -0.08202892073930465
6 1.905988580485155 2.029629565278274 1.954996213516033 2.495297146149982 2.380652951516092 2.636251660376205 0.6549263779241334 0.1542692292730244 -0.1109146721547292 0.08736994013827079 0.07806503709484043 -0.01966309888632983 0.4059885804851556 0.3296295652782739 -0.04500378648396757 -0.004702853850018163 -0.1193470484839077 -0.1637483396237943 -0.04283142101392377 0.2139268556153915 -0.1124370552023408
7 1.97068215882013 2.036815265885852 1.94285584562608 2.504426085334621 2.390268545684117 2.636159435036693 0.6430358342107024 -0.006289330103531865 -0.1317869543425331 0.0938265877123021 0.1100506314770363 0.01387005298239905 0.4706821588201304 0.3368152658858526 -0.05714415437392009 0.004426085334621487 -0.1097314543158831 -0.1638405649633064 -0.07112516324777181 0.220076851533171 -0.1415616071410862
8 2.035137096485135 2.02914239739211 1.928764372151133 2.513776514869423 2.401996211519521 2.638407693215095 0.647577786322888 -0.1433182125721326 -0.1488784628586073 0.09159135356457898 0.1218239274459562 0.02858538546555384 0.5351370964851362 0.3291423973921101 -0.07123562784886736 0.01377651486942294 -0.09800378848047926 -0.1615923067849057 -0.09806119893991178 0.2219244755982353 -0.1687486420128033
9 2.100297740647723 2.008993135682375 1.913417604564352 2.522375254625236 2.414195887429325 2.64143721035699 0.6551531615637975 -0.2548488353646655 -0.1557731787255278 0.07817376067957668 0.1203679775078125 0.02998975388519495 0.6002977406477241 0.3089931356823755 -0.0865823954356483 0.02237525462523534 -0.08580411257067561 -0.1585627896430098 -0.1210348193013338 0.2219724740600713 -0.1935474836709309
10 2.16590978313495 1.979230459286916 1.898141742570779 2.528926426760611 2.42579577880791 2.644027644667732 0.6549886477729097 -0.3344933859075956 -0.1466423714158387 0.05015267256017759 0.1106273620839004 0.01999896849152959 0.6659097831349521 0.2792304592869159 -0.1018582574292214 0.02892642676061048 -0.07420422119209134 -0.1559723553322673 -0.1375905117929351 0.2222365081394357 -0.2157159749132793
11 2.230764721735275 1.943332831322246 1.884737179259308 2.53186356548038 2.436204091583303 2.645095033547921 0.6390637299681544 -0.3771563562951668 -0.1182160344298147 0.006000839638352892 0.09735258844630791 -0.0002188712785826477 0.7307647217352763 0.2433328313222455 -0.1152628207406924 0.03186356548038001 -0.06379590841669823 -0.1549049664520789 -0.1456950298880029 0.224346467924138 -0.235262212975645
12 2.293107580412582 1.904994200463116 1.875076332658073 2.529692709513057 2.445303480447907 2.643717889224215 0.6049020156875001 -0.3841757288656923 -0.07262158453537157 -0.05101843116657841 0.08514746461623829 -0.02836367929340222 0.7931075804125853 0.2049942004631176 -0.1249236673419257 0.02969270951305962 -0.05469651955209161 -0.1562821107757832 -0.1441461422604541 0.2294732323462758 -0.2524644180494394
13 2.351265084322334 1.867424484309745 1.870543341685298 2.521489472892765 2.453383177891685 2.639286561702831 0.556523826642131 -0.3635543683203485 -0.01721763799764953 -0.1130812411226385 0.0773502839404149 -0.0605414496251688 0.8512650843223356 0.1674244843097451 -0.1294566583147017 0.02148947289276597 -0.04661682210831591 -0.1607134382971687 -0.1328647322887049 0.2382251703558427 -0.2678251878629865
14 2.40422062096104 1.832831000295771 1.871634953898417 2.507222959135171 2.460963145303663 2.631632719405903 0.5023898029832853 -0.32641590304605 0.03832384201800614 -0.1708400957707605 0.07517236822721747 -0.09205048766451078 0.9042206209610409 0.1328310002957696 -0.1283650461015843 0.00722295913516853 -0.03903685469633995 -0.1683672805941 -0.1128508122354095 0.2506371841638513 -0.2819572068801361
15 2.451839446122638 1.802385801681142 1.877948395625003 2.487701516422378 2.468580996884804 2.621035984296844 0.4510101176747419 -0.2817168593338545 0.08623931087967142 -0.2173546791223866 0.07786708794057084 -0.1188377476264057 0.9518394461226404 0.1023858016811425 -0.1220516043749963 -0.01229848357762167 -0.03141900311519721 -0.1789640157031548 -0.08581288629999599 0.2662858300529162 -0.2954477625860872
16 2.494702388349058 1.776592969218025 1.888498657774217 2.464228084180214 2.476641009386172 2.608110163680984 0.4078990005667126 -0.2337936133977273 0.1227562924106323 -0.2497110206954035 0.0836926882042644 -0.1383315122878398 0.9947023883490604 0.07659296921802582 -0.1115013422257823 -0.03577191581978466 -0.02335899061382852 -0.1918898363190153 -0.05369330657472807 0.2844666249624269 -0.3087606282870949
17 2.533766582261464 1.755720725170628 1.902108925179787 2.438222475117296 2.485362959434811 2.593651946130923 0.3751505645375184 -0.1832135629391838 0.1476025893388289 -0.2682351802134399 0.09082725221082577 -0.1493905971559253 1.033766582261467 0.05572072517062868 -0.0978910748202118 -0.06177752488270234 -0.01463704056519005 -0.2063480538690753 -0.01831000822382698 0.3043495232479928 -0.3222000049051049
18 2.570072537105451 1.74007045149961 1.917684302526492 2.41097696247053 2.494801329062245 2.57851967953079 0.3525731503864978 -0.1290425587362336 0.1624188862174434 -0.2748960335144426 0.09782175340802286 -0.1518392998907262 1.070072537105454 0.04007045149961037 -0.08231569747350755 -0.08902303752946938 -0.005198670937756182 -0.2214803204692102 0.01881527327786366 0.3250761831219551 -0.3359227825912079
19 2.604578248601871 1.730053957366577 1.934333610271562 2.383557537924779 2.50488939793239 2.563557838453903 0.3388941516941741 -0.07044463444138284 0.1694624817311579 -0.272115400348435 0.1036914983324351 -0.1460829883600272 1.104578248601873 0.03005395736657779 -0.0656663897284377 -0.1164424620752207 0.004889397932388082 -0.2364421615460964 0.05649035203740642 0.3458088433831479 -0.3499724285405564
20 2.638096041900457 1.726150928589636 1.951390867933503 2.356791792142694 2.515480917099257 2.549551520128997 0.3325565023734965 -0.00680108240834919 0.1709176362414607 -0.2621871441767688 0.1078092915129122 -0.1328832637802534 1.138096041900459 0.02615092858963621 -0.04860913206649638 -0.1432082078573055 0.01548091709925522 -0.250448479871003 0.09382166265157382 0.365754424569205 -0.3643150079403401
21 2.671284406060851 1.72884637776423 1.968393726575278 2.331290082218291 2.526379842042906 2.537194352716788 0.3320695157175707 0.0614042958535926 0.1686605854573577 -0.2471509385175747 0.1097895827521229 -0.1132970497990029 1.171284406060852 0.02884637776422945 -0.0316062734247226 -0.1687099177817088 0.02637984204290236 -0.2628056472832114 0.1301698809015888 0.38418139695187 -0.3788690580194281
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23 2.738611064059449 1.755559234951561 2.001225094475728 2.285590335269279 2.548173226304274 2.519585389018744 0.3433764955452875 0.2071688936600173 0.1591653102562715 -0.2086796832804046 0.1064532472376769 -0.06044343143855196 1.238611064059451 0.05555923495156104 0.001225094475728316 -0.2144096647307198 0.04817322630427145 -0.2804146109812555 0.1984258735695534 0.4139599362125211 -0.4081789157909763
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25 2.809186617068525 1.811743998165812 2.032192988311447 2.24795063841138 2.568276644342102 2.513516591693353 0.3629328127611396 0.3534183539974736 0.1516641926583976 -0.1681238000603184 0.09287722414285646 -0.0001814577651574616 1.309186617068527 0.1117439981658121 0.03219298831144609 -0.2520493615886195 0.06827664434209882 -0.2864834083066455 0.2601505910057543 0.4311716556711777 -0.4370459536906381
26 2.845975184237497 1.850520444099395 2.047328883205842 2.232085357889904 2.577061647981052 2.514948148119073 0.3726425685675983 0.4211506051848416 0.1516170630206246 -0.1494325101729662 0.08245561104264816 0.02841244107728834 1.345975184237498 0.1505204440993941 0.0473288832058406 -0.2679146421100953 0.07706164798104735 -0.2850518518809265 0.2889847901737335 0.4343864348322975 -0.4511199807695532
27 2.883651879038225 1.895733743754706 2.062645387223296 2.218011559806733 2.584702063596359 2.519094534531684 0.3804432522582391 0.4816501759724943 0.1554444476751909 -0.1323102430340517 0.07006950405497117 0.05386678206008349 1.383651879038227 0.1957337437547058 0.06264538722329564 -0.2819884401932659 0.08470206359635619 -0.2809054654683145 0.317005026544105 0.4339577857944565 -0.464925268603198
28 2.92195538564441 1.946509636599804 2.078569736311882 2.205577625498179 2.591032065835913 2.525579791659124 0.3849602532067273 0.5318845799826202 0.1638600936090598 -0.1165709656557193 0.05637976563439296 0.07503663534343682 1.421955385644412 0.246509636599804 0.07856973631188223 -0.2944223745018197 0.09103206583591031 -0.2744202083408732 0.3447687747311845 0.4300667706596291 -0.4785058449112565
29 2.960490089825631 2.001655574155274 2.095584278320254 2.194667996104088 2.595965015732727 2.533932307978861 0.3849138300021875 0.5685452244188511 0.1772265406964591 -0.10170808785589 0.04230359613423543 0.09116701809104853 1.460490089825633 0.3016555741552735 0.09558427832025421 -0.3053320038959103 0.0959650157327232 -0.2660676920211361 0.3729023375296288 0.4230738567206008 -0.4919669256052465
30 2.998753155846213 2.059648021261794 2.114174618064601 2.185230570024621 2.599518238739269 2.543637672272083 0.3794580515032402 0.588333425630316 0.195247354229598 -0.08701205220423917 0.02898336022181799 0.1021382781817263 1.498753155846215 0.3596480212617945 0.1141746180646012 -0.3147694299753777 0.09951823873926574 -0.2563623277279145 0.4020341695604514 0.4135089891581437 -0.5054740429991457
31 3.036190054624462 2.118650080859972 2.134758668131584 2.177281122787308 2.601828445765452 2.554201400715274 0.368412993244648 0.5882742756758103 0.2168795612019886 -0.07187711576513429 0.017641954188501 0.10845116437554 1.536190054624464 0.4186500808599717 0.134758668131584 -0.3227188772126903 0.101828445765449 -0.2457985992847236 0.4327144662523341 0.4020447609761811 -0.5192418304078505
32 3.072271947063671 2.176569548015281 2.157611569246196 2.170876610039842 2.603149429479905 2.565206990824712 0.3525380618838331 0.5664136929718951 0.2402853122923667 -0.05613442585011343 0.009357819519228424 0.1111696971275078 1.572271947063673 0.4765695480152811 0.1576115692461954 -0.3291233899601568 0.1031494294799007 -0.2347930091752863 0.4653331946335824 0.3894513356002042 -0.5335108777450837
33 3.106584821985636 2.231174798261047 2.182801148777547 2.166060186104839 2.603827467870812 2.576358055052934 0.3333290253196498 0.5219586747253747 0.2632270579701466 -0.04024498094200614 0.004872736668308304 0.1115789535394541 1.606584821985639 0.5311747982610471 0.1828011487775471 -0.3339398138951587 0.1038274678708084 -0.2236419449470634 0.5000538576499597 0.3765371555451539 -0.5485144993327086
34 3.138897590913689 2.280243908722091 2.210161619522756 2.162795560796657 2.604259530679158 2.58748848859643 0.3128931312547205 0.4559769388639053 0.2833401642279034 -0.0253229397928792 0.00444409076459211 0.1109408290459207 1.638897590913692 0.5802439087220918 0.2101616195227552 -0.3372044392033418 0.1042595306791552 -0.2125115114035673 0.5367809493228882 0.3640857560622837 -0.5644409637744368
35 3.169193176722448 2.32174020525513 2.239309857124163 2.160913857153086 2.604845913331882 2.598541257359479 0.2933056766291184 0.3710562327813879 0.2987187803664048 -0.01284274820559332 0.00790243439275707 0.1101300327439002 1.669193176722453 0.621740205255132 0.2393098571241648 -0.3390861428469107 0.1048459133318816 -0.2014587426405161 0.5751710985013905 0.3528030436359569 -0.5813996416352082
36 3.197643052510718 2.353963583991709 2.269706397327022 2.160096532407688 2.605954700811479 2.60952038305703 0.2761901856421417 0.2713166493640295 0.30817764309991 -0.004251163213919363 0.01480950546622994 0.109472450368261 1.697643052510723 0.6539635839917083 0.2697063973270226 -0.3399034675923107 0.1059547008114764 -0.1904796169429678 0.6146861494968784 0.3432878710841559 -0.5993989566527943
37 3.224538322167062 2.375668357582127 2.300737641780525 2.159900658226716 2.607908481289479 2.620432393453012 0.2622571715077007 0.1615546540621648 0.3114289788213743 -0.0005240300549929132 0.0247425632065946 0.1086975753493097 1.724538322167065 0.6756683575821268 0.3007376417805264 -0.3400993417732833 0.1079084812894766 -0.1795676065469852 0.6546739515251784 0.3360315266202324 -0.6183408753773358
38 3.250194772915798 2.386120516157698 2.331799054590354 2.1598193468439 2.61099609702811 2.631230909220332 0.251302453121218 0.04715698867805408 0.3089053592573633 -0.001941846090357177 0.03747321582178053 0.1070414325500572 1.750194772915802 0.686120516157698 0.331799054590355 -0.3401806531560999 0.1109960970281073 -0.1687690907796658 0.6944575897480944 0.331441639083496 -0.6380320161105486
39 3.274864333695392 2.385121613466239 2.362357775541447 2.159355736341926 2.615498572779254 2.641774139531885 0.242298801389834 -0.0665858020281863 0.3015611679259833 -0.008036491118430054 0.05307430771791583 0.1033829263875558 1.774864333695396 0.6851216134662388 0.3623577755414469 -0.3406442636580733 0.1154985727792526 -0.1582258604681128 0.7334152032462484 0.329877648316391 -0.6582081174266013
40 3.298671752396628 2.372999034330106 2.391990115374429 2.15809029892144 2.62171494327 2.651798134105376 0.233801343602222 -0.1744720892918102 0.2905853997699072 -0.01776968381362874 0.07180171549648807 0.09643368279549987 1.798671752396633 0.672999034330106 0.39199011537443 -0.3419097010785593 0.1217149432699974 -0.1482018658946218 0.7710397829803204 0.3316812659391356 -0.6785671963198316
41 3.32159272041415 2.350585615827409 2.420395065182469 2.155725061347745 2.629970619254391 2.660908829822049 0.2243620606784669 -0.2716435682683553 0.2772125073683404 -0.02980596989471647 0.09386900449250518 0.08493270660724915 1.821592720414154 0.6505856158274086 0.4203950651824694 -0.3442749386522542 0.1299706192543883 -0.1390911701779487 0.8069750333143759 0.3371871285296011 -0.6988069128729345
42 3.343476043775523 2.31918275120762 2.44739186721462 2.152098149341424 2.640597645581161 2.668597523605194 0.2129494594150184 -0.3536339891703756 0.2625989970568286 -0.04280402814771171 0.1191511604097213 0.06789099500843561 1.843476043775527 0.6191827512076197 0.4473918672146205 -0.3479018506585752 0.1405976455811584 -0.1314024763948035 0.8410284115488291 0.3467051708345686 -0.7186618085031773
43 3.364104227845038 2.280503300913477 2.472908360525596 2.147170536155354 2.653885770840314 2.67428579111622 0.1992860519772796 -0.4166269593526585 0.2477598726952005 -0.05566657192251639 0.1469106660601112 0.04492898522555267 1.864104227845042 0.5805033009134766 0.4729083605255966 -0.3528294638446455 0.1538857708403107 -0.1257142088837781 0.8731644707567732 0.3604757625350791 -0.7379354932049256
44 3.383277441096969 2.236585139085601 2.496964313727556 2.140993605456308 2.670015150838209 2.677402446472297 0.1840010307233665 -0.4579550752340159 0.2335173663422249 -0.06769418491664685 0.1756960958654494 0.01660960802993253 1.883277441096973 0.5365851390856008 0.4969643137275571 -0.3590063945436908 0.1700151508382063 -0.1225975535277012 0.9034823143542431 0.3786088706446509 -0.7565220190355867
45 3.40089808331367 2.189670035145756 2.519650950920419 2.133669870933754 2.688992254469314 2.677483964996143 0.1685098033440814 -0.476449426935693 0.2204544073647082 -0.07857260768922275 0.2035091116082321 -0.01542515054707571 1.900898083313673 0.4896700351457565 0.5196509509204205 -0.3663301290662448 0.188992254469312 -0.1225160350038547 0.9321814221050839 0.401025867054991 -0.7744111727613558
46 3.41703178902341 2.142056066902576 2.541106697959776 2.125320157223898 2.710613114010585 2.674276148133541 0.1545869980625412 -0.4721873565167528 0.2089269143487555 -0.08822044717135274 0.2282191653208003 -0.04868252682027618 1.917031789023414 0.4420560669025767 0.5411066979597785 -0.3746798427761002 0.2106131140105834 -0.1257238518664561 0.9595208863297441 0.427423289364937 -0.7916755019651902
47 3.431924853948112 2.095959068473626 2.561492576798407 2.116067008783925 2.734470504332371 2.667804884761433 0.1439632599593931 -0.4465301791169087 0.1990516542237558 -0.09664418914008598 0.2479788438361249 -0.08017919803026315 1.931924853948116 0.3959590684736267 0.5614925767984086 -0.3839329912160738 0.2344705043323694 -0.1321951152385644 0.9857781101756242 0.4572710354456519 -0.808442001298156
48 3.445978302304961 2.053399232965966 2.580970352383256 2.106034310897703 2.760001728699959 2.658396754337629 0.1379542829016413 -0.4018874117503266 0.1907425714381709 -0.1037907382029202 0.2615585076831896 -0.1069755299485935 1.945978302304965 0.3533992329659673 0.5809703523832577 -0.3939656891022962 0.260001728699958 -0.1416032456623684 1.011213167252936 0.4898452177251453 -0.8248562879255439
49 3.459691758375277 2.016125883582066 2.599687534186768 2.095357562266799 2.786559745673526 2.646645764891946 0.1372086590263909 -0.3412828141111268 0.183810114237368 -0.109483190318698 0.2684991153254127 -0.1267193291836435 1.95969175837528 0.3161258835820667 0.5996875341867701 -0.4046424377331998 0.286559745673524 -0.1533542351080515 1.036044125083245 0.5242856427778452 -0.8410487923999357
50 3.473595194473384 1.985580256723382 2.617772426426638 2.084195741400226 2.813486370919648 2.63333788920786 0.1416951814423419 -0.2678456651787664 0.1780745488900493 -0.1134405831562772 0.26901160623274 -0.1379558219488126 1.973595194473388 0.2855802567233834 0.6177724264266391 -0.4158042585997728 0.3134863709196464 -0.1666621107921377 1.060436615260452 0.5596635996300887 -0.8571104325338244
51 3.488186054812595 1.962890728881032 2.635339530689774 2.072737597491229 2.840169750721512 2.619355343021823 0.1508192306401799 -0.1846574665493454 0.173454031185981 -0.1153625153504733 0.263772442973487 -0.1402148233036544 1.988186054812598 0.2628907288810324 0.6353395306897746 -0.4272624025087706 0.3401697507215112 -0.1806446569781747 1.084508193785632 0.595047473431938 -0.8730810430828622
52 3.503881061943152 1.948883020340669 2.652502796971453 2.061199244659365 2.866079304501954 2.60558098510139 0.1635895230027299 -0.09464807137866235 0.1700265957936972 -0.1150133925792419 0.2536948733465182 -0.1339285403949013 2.003881061943156 0.2488830203406687 0.652502796971453 -0.4388007553406349 0.3660793045019526 -0.194419014898608 1.108345366694852 0.6295586438450838 -0.8889498542807894
53 3.520984533310524 1.944095420363323 2.669393161764849 2.049814753013949 2.890779870175777 2.592816554831219 0.1787706772984772 -0.0006578658525981632 0.1680547439355978 -0.112274637953978 0.2397517762125966 -0.1202553514068541 2.020984533310528 0.2440954203633231 0.6693931617648501 -0.4501852469860509 0.390779870175775 -0.2071834451687788 1.13202912479957 0.662415235382346 -0.9046650192818025
54 3.539670383663255 1.94878906446136 2.68617647748539 2.038824141945717 2.913931772317697 2.581721246007071 0.1950061168542391 0.09451835096937257 0.1679687690988453 -0.1071426754823245 0.2228694336108297 -0.1008511460972296 2.039670383663259 0.2487890644613605 0.6861764774853902 -0.4611758580542812 0.4139317723176958 -0.2182787539929263 1.155663627265215 0.6929645103717861 -0.9201487063929517
55 3.559973957363712 1.962948903327436 2.703068114060747 2.028463889859867 2.935284388261741 2.572772545113123 0.2109112312207032 0.1881377937102394 0.1703035508887438 -0.09968199462868423 0.2038975752397436 -0.07763153074753089 2.059973957363716 0.2629489033274362 0.7030681140607467 -0.4715361101401311 0.4352843882617395 -0.2272274548868742 1.179402250506313 0.7207060440177899 -0.9353148559053417
56 3.581792444213112 1.986276441257166 2.720339389587917 2.018963498199515 2.954669301619282 2.566250632107618 0.2250492957969986 0.2774129945060009 0.175676009911228 -0.08994911960398978 0.1836560039502348 -0.05268819373049171 2.081792444213117 0.2862764412571662 0.7203393895879159 -0.4810365018004826 0.4546693016192817 -0.2337493678923782 1.203465297099377 0.7453076653818796 -0.9500875398520995
57 3.604887911879067 2.018178909198658 2.738316369806629 2.010549268924076 2.971998470378239 2.562237264747246 0.2362438983351029 0.3591210199579902 0.1844859432131218 -0.07795042150034932 0.1629213338008745 -0.02776387261496147 2.104887911879071 0.3181789091986584 0.7383163698066282 -0.4894507310759222 0.4719984703782382 -0.2377627352527505 1.228144516690476 0.7666154209377741 -0.9644181668455858
58 3.62890704337976 2.057744480074973 2.757359199299332 2.003451526827296 2.987265158219044 2.56064334086307 0.2433901789505788 0.4301222833892144 0.1969854102249344 -0.06360393951739095 0.142546364104403 -0.004503097028958646 2.128907043379764 0.3577444800749736 0.7573591992993304 -0.4965484731727022 0.4872651582190438 -0.2393566591369258 1.253790077609848 0.7846563814133668 -0.9783001209710431
59 3.653407343051411 2.103734602100417 2.777830342640301 1.997910013814814 3.000549487398219 2.561243513633204 0.245793111177698 0.4870636911247564 0.2129755312115245 -0.04681540856824802 0.1234249999219197 0.0159784733676516 2.153407343051415 0.4037346021004178 0.7778303426402997 -0.5020899861851851 0.5005494873982184 -0.2387564863667929 1.280778872548645 0.799633422863364 -0.9917784122699278
60 3.677902304765874 2.154584715562095 2.800046200073847 1.994168745092278 3.012021654852709 2.563727327241244 0.2433138212786473 0.5268406429817145 0.2317058082411223 -0.02762804245587994 0.1064466117846696 0.03312376654701323 2.177902304765877 0.4545847155620956 0.8000462000738467 -0.5058312549077209 0.5120216548527089 -0.2362726727587525 1.309465565262339 0.8119086999862117 -1.004952129754864
61 3.70192234578804 2.208439474981598 2.824220574871257 1.992453259502974 3.02193753098569 2.567754958443633 0.2364123935324657 0.5467095258960722 0.2518995067107591 -0.006386178157449179 0.09242784887966146 0.04687790319445148 2.201922345788044 0.5084394749815982 0.8242205748712575 -0.5075467404970243 0.521937530985689 -0.2322450415563636 1.340122902455958 0.8219740832521913 -1.017967504954418
62 3.725080023623021 2.263217063373359 2.850414393809024 1.992930699125739 3.030623722341283 2.573005696944964 0.2263092350623096 0.5450915863134024 0.2717793400668904 0.0160464563335136 0.08192558950178538 0.05767970195535828 2.225080023623025 0.5632170633733597 0.8504143938090242 -0.5070693008742591 0.5306237223412813 -0.2269943030550323 1.372882513588606 0.8304086755208283 -1.031000852613795
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\section{Metode}
Penentuan koordinat tentangga dapat ditemukan dengang mengubah koordinat polar menjadi koordinat kartesian.
Koordinat polar membutuhkan panjang $d_a$, dan sudut $\alpha$.
Panjang $d_a$ adalah variable yang didapat dari sensor yang memberikan nilai jarak dari robot $A$ ke robot $B$,
akan tetapi untuk mendapatkan koordinat polar, pengukuran sudu $\alpha$ tidak tersedia.
Algoritama yang ditawarkan memanfaatkan hukum \textit{cosinus} pada segitiga untuk mendapatkan sudut tersebut.
\subsection{Kendali Robot Holonomic}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.5]{BAB3/img/estimate_coordinate.png}
\caption{Strategi Penentuan Koordinat}
\label{fig:strategiPenentuanKoordinat}
\end{figure}
Dapat diperhatikan pada gambar~\ref{fig:strategiPenentuanKoordinat} untuk gambaran strateginya.
Robot $B \in \tetangga_A$, adalah tetangga dari robot $A$.
Pertama-tama, sebelum robot $A$ bergerak, disimpan terlebih dahulu nilai $d_a$,
atau dinotasikan dengan $d_a[k]$ sebagai jarak sebelum bergerak.
Lalu robot $A$ berjalan secara random kesegala arah dengan jarak $l_a$.
Disimpan kembali nilai jara $d_a$, atau dinotasikan dengan $d_a[k+1]$.
Setalah itu dapat ditentukan sudut $\alpha[k+1]$
Berikut adalah model dari robot holonomic dalam bentuk \textit{state-space} \kutip{CORREIA20127}.
Dimana robot menggunakan tiga buah motor yang dihubungkan pada \textit{omniwheel} sehingga robot
dapat bergerak kesegala arah.
\begin{align}
d_a[k]^2 & = d_a[k+1]^2 + l_a^2 + 2 d_a[k+1] l_a \cos{(\alpha[k+1])} \\
\alpha[k+1] & = cos^{-1}\Bigg( \frac{l_a^2 + d_a[k+1]^2 -d_a[k]^2}{2d_a[k+1]l_a} \Bigg)
\dot{x}(t) & = A_r x(t) + B_r u(t) + K_rsgn(x(t)) \label{eq:ss1} \\
y(t) & = Cx(t) \label{eq:ss2}
\end{align}
Vector
$u(t) = \begin{bmatrix}
u_1(t) & u_1(t) & u(2)(t)
\end{bmatrix}^T$
adalah masukan model bersatuan $volt$ dengan batasan $-6 \leq u_i(t) \leq 6$ pada tegangan motor robot.
Vector $y(t) = x(t) = \begin{bmatrix}
v(t) & v_n(t) & w(t)
\end{bmatrix}^T$
adalah kecepatan robot yang akan diperoleh dari sensor percepatan,
dimana $v(t)$ adalah kecepatan pada sumbu $x$,
$v_n(t)$ adalah kecepatan pada sumbu $y$, dan
$w(t)$ adalah kecepatan rotasi dari frame robot.
Matrix $A_r \in \mathbb{R}^{3\times 3}$ dan $B_r \in \mathbb{R}^{3 \times 3}$ adalah parameter fisik robot berdasarkan
yang diperoleh dari identifikasi secara persamaan fisika.
Matrix $K_r \in \mathbb{R}^{3 \times 3}$ adalah parameter \textit{friction} dari robot yang diestimasi dari
hasil percobaan.
Kendali dari robot akan menggunakan dua mode \textit{state-feedback}.
\textbf{Mode satu}, bertujuan untuk mencapai kecepatan robot yang diinginkan.
Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut akan menggunakan persamaan kendali sebagai berikut
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
u_{c1}(t) &= -K^c_1 x(t) + N^c_1 r^c_1 \\
r^c_1 &= \begin{bmatrix}
v^*(t) & v_n^*(t) & w^*(t)
\end{bmatrix}^T
\end{split}
\label{eq:kendali_kecepatan}
\end{equation}
Dimana $r^c_1$ , $K^c_1 \in \mathbb{R} ^ {3 \times 3}$ dan $N^c_1 \in \mathbb{R} ^ {3 \times 3}$
adalah setpoint kendali mode satu, konstanta yang diperoleh dari optimasi
persamaan \textit{Riccati} terhadap matrix $A_r$ dan $B_r$,
dan kostanta yang diperoleh dari \textit{inverse state-space} pada keadaan \textit{steady state}.
\begin{equation*}
N^c_1 = -[ C(A_r - B_rK^c_1)^{-1}B_r ] ^{-1}
\end{equation*}
Dengan menggabungkan persamaan~\eqref{eq:ss1} dengan persamaan~\eqref{eq:kendali_kecepatan}
akan mendapatkan persamaan \textit{state-space} robot yang baru
\begin{align}
\begin{split}
\dot{x}(t) & = (A_r - B_r K^c_1) x(t)+B_r N^c_1 r^c_1 + K_r sgn(x(t)) \\
& = A_c x(t) + B_c r^c_1 + K_r sgn(x(t))
\end{split}
\label{eq:ss_kendali_kecepatan}
\end{align}
\textbf{Mode dua}, bertujuan untuk mencapai titik koordinat tertentu
berdasarkan koordinat frame robot. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut
akan dimodifikasi persamaan~\eqref{eq:ss1} dengan menambah state koordinat frame robot
menjadi $y_{c2}(t) = x_{c2}(t) = \begin{bmatrix}
x_r(t) & y_r(t) & \theta_r(t) & v(t) & v_n(t) & w(t)
\end{bmatrix}^T$, $
A_{c2} = \begin{bmatrix}
0 & I \\
0 & A_r \\
\end{bmatrix} \in \mathbb{R}^{6 \times 6}
$,
$B_{c2} = \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\ B_r
\end{bmatrix} \in \mathbb{R} ^ {6 \times 3} $,
$K_{c2}(x) = \begin{bmatrix}
0 & 0 \\
0 & K_rsgn(x) \\
\end{bmatrix} \in \mathbb{R} ^ {6 \times 3} $.
Berikut adalah state space model untuk kendali mode satu.
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
\dot{x}_{c2}(t) & = A_{c2} x_{c2}(t) + B_{c2} u_{c2}(t) + K_{c2}(x_{c2}(t)) \\
y_{c2}(t) & = C_{c2} x_{c2}(t) \\
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
Dimana $u_{c2}(t)$ adalah persamaan kendali mode dua.
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
u_{c2} (t) &= -K^c_2 x_{c2}(t) + N^c_2 r^c_2 \\
r^c_2 &= \begin{bmatrix}
x_r^*(t) & y_r^*(t) & \theta_r^*(t) & v^*(t) & v_n^*(t) & w^*(t)
\end{bmatrix}^T
\end{split}
\end{equation}
Dimana $r^c_2$, $K^c_2 \in \mathbb{R} ^ {3 \times 6}$ dan $N^c_2 \in \mathbb{R} ^ {3 \times 6}$
adalah setpoint kendali mode dua dan kostanta yang diperoleh dari cara yang sama pada mode satu
menggunakan matrix model yang dimodifikasi.
\subsection{Kendali Formasi Berdasarkan Jarak}
Dinotasikan $n \triangleq | \simpul |$ sebagai jumlah dari node
dan $m \triangleq | \sisi |$ sebagai jumlah dari sisinya.
Dinotasikan $p = \begin{bmatrix} x_1^T & \dots & x_n^T \end{bmatrix}^T \in \mathbb{R}^{3n}$,
dimana $x_i \in \mathbb{R}^3$ dan $x_i \neq x_j$ untuk semua $i \neq j$.
Dinotasikan vektor posisi relatif $ e_k \triangleq x_j - x_i$ dan semua vector sisi
$e=\begin{bmatrix}e_1^t & \dots & e_m^T\end{bmatrix} \in \mathbb{R}^{3m}$.
didefinisikan fungsi \textit{Jacobian} sisi \kutip{Rozenheck2015}),
\begin{align}
R(p) & \triangleq diag(e_i^T)(E^T \otimes I_2) \in \mathbb{R}^{m\times 3n} \nonumber \\
\end{align}
Dimana $E \in \mathbb{R}^{n\times m}$, adalah matrik \textit{incidence} $\{0,\pm 1\}$ dimana
baris matrik mengindikasikan simpulnya dan kolomnya sebagai sisinya dan
$diag(A_i) \triangleq blkdiag\{A_1, \dots, A_n\} \in \mathbb{R}^{np \times nq}$
Orde kendali formasi yang digunakan adalah orde dua
Mengadopsi persamaan potensial, didefinisi persamaan \kutip{Oh2014}.
\begin{align}
\Phi(e) & = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{i \in \simpul }||v_i||^2 + \frac{1}{2} \sum_{k=1}^{m} \big( ||e_k||^2 - d_k^2 \big)^2
\end{align}
Lalu kendali formasi menggunakan persamaan~\eqref{eq:ss_kendali_kecepatan} sebagai modelnya
diberikan \textit{negative gradient} dari fungsi potensial dan
konstanta \textit{proportional} \kutip{Rozenheck2015}
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\dot{p} & = A_f p(t) + B_f\frac{\partial \Phi(e)}{\partial v} \\
& = A_f p(t) + B_fv(t) \\
\dot{v} & = -C \Big( \frac{\partial \Phi(e)}{\partial v} + \frac{\partial \Phi(e)}{\partial p} \Big) \\
& = -k_{p1}v(t) + R(p(t))^Tk_{p2}(R(p(t))p(t) - d )) \\
\end{split}
\label{eq:dynmState}
\end{equation}
Dimana $A_f \in \mathbb{R}^{3n \times 3n}$ dan $B_f \in \mathbb{R}^{3n \times 3n}$ adalah
matrix diagonal dari $A_c$ dan $B_c$.
\subsection{Algoritma Cosinus}
Robot $B_i \in \tetangga_A$, adalah tetangga dari robot $A$ .
$d_i[k]$ adalah jarak yang diperoleh dari sensor.
Dalam strategi (Gambar~\ref{fig:strategiPenentuanKoordinat}) ini diperlukan perpindahan robot $A$ ke $ A' = (0, l_a)$.
Perpindahan tersebut akan menghasilkan jarak $d_i[k+1]$.
Dari perbedaan tersebut akan didapatkan sudut $\alpha_i^\circ$.
\begin{align}
\alpha_i^\circ & = 180^\circ \pm cos^{-1}\Bigg( \frac{l_a^2 + d_i[k+1]^2 -d_i[k]^2}{2 d_i[k+1] l_a} \Bigg).\nonumber \\
& = 180^\circ \pm \zeta_i^a
\label{eq:algo_getAngle}
\end{align}
Sebelum $\alpha[k+1]$ digunakan, jarak $d_a[k+1]$ dan $d_a[k]$ berpengaruh dalam penentuan koordinat.
Sehingga diperlukan sedikit algoritma
Dari persamaan~\eqref{eq:algo_getAngle} akan didapat koordinat tetangga.
\begin{align}
\alpha_i=
\begin{cases}
\alpha[k+1] & ,d_a[k+1] > d_a[k] \\
180-\alpha[k+1] & ,d_a[k+1] < d_a[k]
\end{cases}.\label{eq:init_relatif_koordinat}
\end{align}
Strategi pada gambar~\ref{fig:strategiPenentuanKoordinat} hanya berlaku apabila target ukur berhenti. Apabila dinotasikan koordinat $(x_B^A, y_B^A)$ adalah koordinat relatif robot $B$ terhadap $A$,
maka $(\dot{x}_B^A, \dot{y}_B^A)$ adalah notasi kecepatan koordinat dari robot B.
Dengan menggunakan persamaan~\eqref{eq:kinematika_robot} untuk menyelesaikan koordinat dalam
keadaan robot $B$ bergerak, yaitu mengirimkan informasi kecepatan koordinatnya
ke robot $A$. Lalu robot $A$ dapat mengkalkulasi koordinat relatif dengan persamaan berikut
\begin{align}
\alpha[k+1] & = \alpha[k]+tan^{-1} \Big[ \frac{\dot{x}_B^A}{\dot{y}_B^A} \Big]
\end{align}
dimana kondisi inisial adalah $\alpha[k] = \alpha_i$ diperoleh dari hasil strategi pada persamaan~\eqref{eq:init_relatif_koordinat}.
Dengan memanfaatkan kedua strategi tersebut dapat digunakan untuk
mengkalkulasi koordinat robot $B$ relatif terhadap robot $A$
\begin{align}
x_B^A = \begin{bmatrix}
x_B = d_a[k]\cos \alpha[k] \\
y_B = d_a[k]\sin \alpha[k]
x_{B_i}^A = \begin{bmatrix}
x_{B_i} = d_i[k+1]\cos \alpha_i^\circ \\
y_{B_i} = d_i[k+1]\sin \alpha_i^\circ
\end{bmatrix}
\label{eq:algo_koordinat_tetangga}
\end{align}
Dalam strategi ini akan terjadi ketidak akuratan dalam pengukuran apabila target ukur
berada pada sudut $90^\circ$.
Akan tetapi, \kutip{Cao2007} sudah menjelaskan mengenai kriteria posisi agent ketika dalam kondisi inisial.
Yaitu semua agent tidak berada pada kondisi sejajar secara koordinat global.
Untuk memvalidasi apakah koordinat telah sesuai dapat menggunakan nilai jarak pada sensor
dibandingkan dengan jarak dari hasil koordinat persamaan~\eqref{eq:algo_koordinat_tetangga}.
Akan tetapi hasil validasi tersebut akan mengalami bias dikarenakan
sudut $\zeta_i^a$ adalah sudut segitiga $\angle{AA'B_1}$ atau $\angle{AA'B_2}$.
Oleh karena itu pada persamaan~\eqref{eq:algo_getAngle} terdapat operasi $\pm$
dimana operasi tersebut akan dilakukan berdasarkan letak kuadran $B_i$.
\begin{align}
\alpha_i^\circ & =
\begin{cases}
180^\circ - \zeta_i^a, & \text{Kuadran \RN{1},\RN{2}} \\
180^\circ + \zeta_i^a, & \text{Kuadran \RN{3},\RN{4}} \\
\end{cases}.
\label{eq:algo_getAngle2}
\end{align}
Diperlukan satu langkah lagi untuk menentukan kejadian pada
persamaan~\eqref{eq:algo_getAngle2}(Gambar~\ref{fig:strategiPenentuanKoordinat2}).
Langkah 2 adalah langkah pengujian dari hasil koordinat yang telah dikalkulasi
dan membandingkannya dengan nilai yang didapat dari sensor.
Apabila terdapat perbedaan maka kejadian pada persamaan~\eqref{eq:algo_getAngle2}
diubah ke kejadian selanjutnya.
\begin{algorithm}
\DontPrintSemicolon
\KwInput{
Integer $l_a>0$,
$\tetangga_i=getConnectionRobot()$, }
\KwOutput{$x_i^j$}
\If{isInisilised() == false}{
\tcc{inisialisasi}
\tcc{getRandomDirection() akan mengembalikan sudur random antara 0 - 360}
$dir = getRandomDirection()$\;
$d_{before} = getDistanceFromSensor(\tetangga_i)$\;
$r = \begin{bmatrix}
l_a \cos(dir) \\
l_a \sin(dir)
\end{bmatrix}$\;
\tcc{Menjalankan robot hingga mencapai setpoint}
\While{isSetpointReached()}{
$runRobotToSetpoint(r)$\;
}
\tcc{Mengambil jarak setelah robot mencapai setpoint}
$d_{after} = getDistanceFromSensor(\tetangga_i)$\;
\tcc{Mengkalkulasi sudut}
$ang = cos^{-1}\Bigg[ \frac{l_a^2 + d_{after}^2 -d_{before}^2}{2d_{before}l_a} \Bigg]$\;
}
\Else{
\tcc{mendapatkan infromasi state dari tetangga}
$\begin{bmatrix}
\dot{x}_B^A \\ \dot{y}_B^A
\end{bmatrix} = getState()$ \;
$ang = \alpha[k]+tan^{-1} \Big[ \frac{\dot{x}_B^A}{\dot{y}_B^A} \Big]$ \;
}
\If{$d_{before}<d_{after}$}
{
$ang = 180-ang$\;
}
\tcc{Menjadikan koordinat kartesian}
\Return $x_i^j = \begin{bmatrix}
d_{after} \cos(ang) \\
d_{after} \sin(ang)
\end{bmatrix}$\;
\caption{\textit{Algoritma Cosinus}}
\label{algo:algoritma_cosinus}
\end{algorithm}
\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{subfigure}[t]{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.2]{BAB3/img/estimate_coordinate.png}
\caption{}
\label{fig:strategiPenentuanKoordinat}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.2]{BAB3/img/estimate_coordinate2.png}
\caption{}
\label{fig:strategiPenentuanKoordinat2}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Strategi penentuan koordinat (a) langkah 1 dan (b) Langkah 2}
\end{figure}

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\section{Diskusi}

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@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
\section{Hasil}
Berikut pada gambar~\ref{fig:hasil} adalah hasil dari algoritma cosinus.
Parameter $l_a = 1$ pada persamaan~\eqref{eq:algo_getAngle} dan $(x_a*,y_a*) = (1,1)$.
Pada gambar~(\ref{fig:sensor_jarak},\ref{fig:motion_robot})
dan gambar~(\ref{fig:sensor_jarak_algo},\ref{fig:motion_robot_algo}) menunjukkan bahwa
algoritma tidak mempengaruhi kendali formasi.
\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{subfigure}[t]{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.2]{BAB5/img/distance.png}
% \caption[.]{Sensor jarak robot menggunakan algoritma}
\caption{}
\label{fig:sensor_jarak_algo}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.2]{BAB5/img/motion.png}
% \caption[.]{Pergerakan robot}
\caption{}
\label{fig:motion_robot_algo}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.2]{BAB5/img/distance ori.png}
% \caption[.]{Sensor jarak robot}
\caption{}
\label{fig:sensor_jarak}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.2]{BAB5/img/motion ori.png}
% \caption[.]{Pergerakan robot}
\caption{}
\label{fig:motion_robot}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Plot menggunakan algoritma (a. Sensor Jarak dan b. Pergerakan robot)
dan tidak menggunakan algoritma (c. Sensor Jarak dan d. Pergerakan Robot)}
\label{fig:hasil}
\end{figure}

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@ -7,5 +7,5 @@
% required.
@Control{biblatex-control,
options = {3.7:0:0:1:0:1:1:0:0:1:0:2:3:1:3:1:0:0:3:1:79:+:+:nyt},
options = {3.7:0:0:1:0:1:1:0:0:0:0:1:3:1:3:1:0:0:3:1:79:+:+:nty},
}

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@ -16,75 +16,444 @@
{}
\endgroup
\datalist[entry]{nyt/global//global/global}
\entry{Cao2007}{inproceedings}{}
\name{author}{5}{}{%
{{hash=CM}{%
family={{Cao}},
\datalist[entry]{nty/global//global/global}
\entry{CORREIA20127}{article}{}
\name{author}{3}{}{%
{{hash=CMD}{%
family={Correia},
familyi={C\bibinitperiod},
given={M.},
giveni={M\bibinitperiod},
given={Mariane\bibnamedelima Dourado},
giveni={M\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim D\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=MAS}{%
family={{Morse}},
familyi={M\bibinitperiod},
given={A.\bibnamedelima S.},
giveni={A\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim S\bibinitperiod},
{{hash=GA}{%
family={Gustavo},
familyi={G\bibinitperiod},
given={André},
giveni={A\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=YC}{%
family={{Yu}},
familyi={Y\bibinitperiod},
given={C.},
giveni={C\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=ABDO}{%
family={{Anderson}},
familyi={A\bibinitperiod},
given={B.\bibnamedelima D.\bibnamedelima O.},
giveni={B\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim D\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim
O\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=DS}{%
family={{Dasguvta}},
familyi={D\bibinitperiod},
given={S.},
{{hash=CS}{%
family={Conceição},
familyi={C\bibinitperiod},
given={Scolari},
giveni={S\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
\keyw{distributed control;mobile robots;multi-robot systems;spatial
variables control;triangular formation;mobile autonomous agents;collinear
formations;distributed control law;Autonomous agents;USA Councils;Distributed
control;H infinity control;Differential equations;Information
technology;Art;Australia Council}
\strng{namehash}{CM+1}
\strng{fullhash}{CMMASYCABDODS1}
\keyw{Models, Friction, Parameter estimation, Autonomous mobile robots}
\strng{namehash}{CMDGACS1}
\strng{fullhash}{CMDGACS1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{labelyear}{2007}
\field{labeldatesource}{}
\field{sortinit}{C}
\field{sortinithash}{C}
\field{abstract}{%
This paper proposes a distributed control law for maintaining a triangular
formation in the plane consisting of three mobile autonomous agents. It is
shown that the control law can cause any initially non-collinear,
positively-oriented {resp. negatively-oriented} triangular formation to
converge exponentially fast to a desired positively-oriented {resp.
negatively- oriented} triangular formation. It is also shown that there is a
thin set of initially collinear formations which remain collinear and may
drift off to infinity as t rarr infin. These findings complement and extend
earlier findings cited below.%
This paper presents a model of a three-wheeled omnidirectional robot
including a static friction model. Besides the modeling is presented a
practical approach in order to estimate the coefficients of coulomb and
viscous friction, which used sensory information about force and velocity of
the robot's center of mass. The proposed model model has the voltages of the
motors as inputs and the linear and angular velocities of the robot as
outputs. Actual results and simulation with the estimated model are compared
to demonstrate the performance of the proposed modeling.%
}
\field{booktitle}{2007 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control}
\verb{doi}
\verb 10.1109/CDC.2007.4434757
\verb https://doi.org/10.3182/20120905-3-HR-2030.00002
\endverb
\field{issn}{0191-2216}
\field{pages}{3603\bibrangedash 3608}
\field{title}{Controlling a triangular formation of mobile autonomous
agents}
\field{year}{2007}
\field{issn}{1474-6670}
\field{note}{10th IFAC Symposium on Robot Control}
\field{number}{22}
\field{pages}{7 \bibrangedash 12}
\field{title}{Modeling of a Three Wheeled Omnidirectional Robot Including
Friction Models}
\verb{url}
\verb http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474667016335807
\endverb
\field{volume}{45}
\field{journaltitle}{IFAC Proceedings Volumes}
\field{year}{2012}
\endentry
\entry{ELFERIK2016117}{article}{}
\name{author}{3}{}{%
{{hash=FSE}{%
family={Ferik},
familyi={F\bibinitperiod},
given={Sami\bibnamedelima El},
giveni={S\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim E\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=NMT}{%
family={Nasir},
familyi={N\bibinitperiod},
given={Mohammad\bibnamedelima Tariq},
giveni={M\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim T\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=BU}{%
family={Baroudi},
familyi={B\bibinitperiod},
given={Uthman},
giveni={U\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
\keyw{Cluster space, Behavioral control, Fuzzy adaptive, Multi-robots}
\strng{namehash}{FSENMTBU1}
\strng{fullhash}{FSENMTBU1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{sortinit}{F}
\field{sortinithash}{F}
\field{abstract}{%
Cooperation between autonomous robot vehicles holds several promising
advantages like robustness, adaptability, configurability, and scalability.
Coordination between the different robots and the individual relative motion
represent both the main challenges especially when dealing with formation
control and maintenance. Cluster space control provides a simple concept for
controlling multi-agent formation. In the classical approach, formation
control is the unique task for the multi-agent system. In this paper, the
development and application of a novel Behavioral Adaptive Fuzzy-based
Cluster Space Control (BAFC) to non-holonomic robots is presented. By
applying a fuzzy priority control approach, BAFC deals with two conflicting
tasks: formation maintenance and target following. Using priority rules, the
fuzzy approach is used to adapt the controller and therefore the behavior of
the system, taking into accounts the errors in the formation states and the
target following states. The control approach is easy to implement and has
been implemented in this paper using SIMULINK real-time platform. The
communication between the different agents and the controller is established
through Wi-Fi link. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the
behavioral response where the robot performs the higher priority tasks first.
This new approach shows a great performance with a lower control signal when
benchmarked with previously known results in the literature.%
}
\verb{doi}
\verb https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.03.018
\endverb
\field{issn}{1568-4946}
\field{pages}{117 \bibrangedash 127}
\field{title}{A Behavioral Adaptive Fuzzy controller of multi robots in a
cluster space}
\verb{url}
\verb http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568494616301272
\endverb
\field{volume}{44}
\field{journaltitle}{Applied Soft Computing}
\field{year}{2016}
\endentry
\entry{Guanghua2013}{inproceedings}{}
\name{author}{4}{}{%
{{hash=GW}{%
family={Guanghua},
familyi={G\bibinitperiod},
given={Wang},
giveni={W\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=DL}{%
family={Deyi},
familyi={D\bibinitperiod},
given={Li},
giveni={L\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=WG}{%
family={Wenyan},
familyi={W\bibinitperiod},
given={Gan},
giveni={G\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=PJ}{%
family={Peng},
familyi={P\bibinitperiod},
given={Jia},
giveni={J\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
\strng{namehash}{GW+1}
\strng{fullhash}{GWDLWGPJ1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{sortinit}{G}
\field{sortinithash}{G}
\verb{doi}
\verb 10.1109/ISDEA.2012.316
\endverb
\field{isbn}{978-1-4673-4893-5}
\field{pages}{1335\bibrangedash 1339}
\field{title}{Study on Formation Control of Multi-Robot Systems}
\field{month}{01}
\field{year}{2013}
\endentry
\entry{Oh2014}{article}{}
\name{author}{2}{}{%
{{hash=OKK}{%
family={Oh},
familyi={O\bibinitperiod},
given={Kwang-Kyo},
giveni={K\bibinithyphendelim K\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=AHS}{%
family={Ahn},
familyi={A\bibinitperiod},
given={Hyo-Sung},
giveni={H\bibinithyphendelim S\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
\keyw{formation control, distance-based control, graph rigidity,
Hamiltonian systems, gradient systems}
\strng{namehash}{OKKAHS1}
\strng{fullhash}{OKKAHS1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{sortinit}{O}
\field{sortinithash}{O}
\field{abstract}{%
SUMMARYWe study the local asymptotic stability of undirected formations of
single-integrator and double-integrator modeled agents based on interagent
distance control. First, we show that n-dimensional undirected formations of
single-integrator modeled agents are locally asymptotically stable under a
gradient control law. The stability analysis in this paper reveals that the
local asymptotic stability does not require the infinitesimal rigidity of the
formations. Second, on the basis of the topological equivalence of a
dissipative Hamiltonian system and a gradient system, we show that the local
asymptotic stability of undirected formations of double-integrator modeled
agents in n-dimensional space is achieved under a gradient-like control law.
Simulation results support the validity of the stability analysis. Copyright
© 2013 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.%
}
\verb{doi}
\verb 10.1002/rnc.2967
\endverb
\verb{eprint}
\verb https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/rnc.2967
\endverb
\field{number}{12}
\field{pages}{1809\bibrangedash 1820}
\field{title}{Distance-based undirected formations of single-integrator and
double-integrator modeled agents in n-dimensional space}
\verb{url}
\verb https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/rnc.2967
\endverb
\field{volume}{24}
\field{journaltitle}{International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control}
\field{year}{2014}
\endentry
\entry{OH2015424}{article}{}
\name{author}{3}{}{%
{{hash=OKK}{%
family={Oh},
familyi={O\bibinitperiod},
given={Kwang-Kyo},
giveni={K\bibinithyphendelim K\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=PMC}{%
family={Park},
familyi={P\bibinitperiod},
given={Myoung-Chul},
giveni={M\bibinithyphendelim C\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=AHS}{%
family={Ahn},
familyi={A\bibinitperiod},
given={Hyo-Sung},
giveni={H\bibinithyphendelim S\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
\keyw{Formation control, Position-based control, Displacement-based
control, Distance-based control}
\strng{namehash}{OKKPMCAHS1}
\strng{fullhash}{OKKPMCAHS1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{sortinit}{O}
\field{sortinithash}{O}
\field{abstract}{%
We present a survey of formation control of multi-agent systems. Focusing
on the sensing capability and the interaction topology of agents, we
categorize the existing results into position-, displacement-, and
distance-based control. We then summarize problem formulations, discuss
distinctions, and review recent results of the formation control schemes.
Further we review some other results that do not fit into the
categorization.%
}
\verb{doi}
\verb https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2014.10.022
\endverb
\field{issn}{0005-1098}
\field{pages}{424 \bibrangedash 440}
\field{title}{A survey of multi-agent formation control}
\verb{url}
\verb http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005109814004038
\endverb
\field{volume}{53}
\field{journaltitle}{Automatica}
\field{year}{2015}
\endentry
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{{hash=PL}{%
family={Parker},
familyi={P\bibinitperiod},
given={Lynne},
giveni={L\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
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\strng{fullhash}{PL1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{sortinit}{P}
\field{sortinithash}{P}
\verb{doi}
\verb 10.1007/BF02480877
\endverb
\field{pages}{1\bibrangedash 5}
\field{title}{Current research in multirobot systems}
\field{volume}{7}
\field{journaltitle}{Artificial Life and Robotics}
\field{month}{03}
\field{year}{2003}
\endentry
\entry{Rozenheck2015}{inproceedings}{}
\name{author}{3}{}{%
{{hash=RO}{%
family={{Rozenheck}},
familyi={R\bibinitperiod},
given={O.},
giveni={O\bibinitperiod},
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{{hash=ZS}{%
family={{Zhao}},
familyi={Z\bibinitperiod},
given={S.},
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}}%
{{hash=ZD}{%
family={{Zelazo}},
familyi={Z\bibinitperiod},
given={D.},
giveni={D\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
\keyw{gradient methods;multi-agent systems;PI control;velocity
control;proportional-integral controller;distance-based formation
tracking;multiagent formation control problem;additional velocity reference
command;interagent distance constraints;gradient formation
controller;formation error dynamics;steady-state formation error;Stability
analysis;Steady-state;Symmetric matrices;Aerodynamics;Jacobian
matrices;Numerical stability;Asymptotic stability}
\strng{namehash}{ROZSZD1}
\strng{fullhash}{ROZSZD1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{sortinit}{R}
\field{sortinithash}{R}
\field{booktitle}{2015 European Control Conference (ECC)}
\verb{doi}
\verb 10.1109/ECC.2015.7330781
\endverb
\field{pages}{1693\bibrangedash 1698}
\field{title}{A proportional-integral controller for distance-based
formation tracking}
\field{year}{2015}
\warn{\item Invalid format of field 'month'}
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\entry{6889491}{inproceedings}{}
\name{author}{3}{}{%
{{hash=WX}{%
family={{Wang}},
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given={X.},
giveni={X\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=YZ}{%
family={{Yan}},
familyi={Y\bibinitperiod},
given={Z.},
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}}%
{{hash=WJ}{%
family={{Wang}},
familyi={W\bibinitperiod},
given={J.},
giveni={J\bibinitperiod},
}}%
}
\keyw{dynamic programming;mobile robots;multi-robot
systems;neurocontrollers;optimal control;predictive control;quadratic
programming;recurrent neural nets;torque control;trajectory control;model
predictive control approach;multirobot formation control problem;simplified
dual neural network;leader-follower scheme;desired trajectory
tracking;dynamic quadratic optimization problem;one-layer recurrent neural
network;optimal control input;Vectors;Lead;Wheels;Neural networks;Robot
kinematics;Mathematical model}
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\strng{fullhash}{WXYZWJ1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
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\field{sortinithash}{W}
\field{booktitle}{2014 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks
(IJCNN)}
\verb{doi}
\verb 10.1109/IJCNN.2014.6889491
\endverb
\field{issn}{2161-4393}
\field{pages}{3161\bibrangedash 3166}
\field{title}{Model predictive control of multi-robot formation based on
the simplified dual neural network}
\field{year}{2014}
\warn{\item Invalid format of field 'month'}
\endentry
\entry{YOSHIOKA20085149}{article}{}
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{{hash=YC}{%
family={Yoshioka},
familyi={Y\bibinitperiod},
given={Chika},
giveni={C\bibinitperiod},
}}%
{{hash=NT}{%
family={Namerikawa},
familyi={N\bibinitperiod},
given={Toru},
giveni={T\bibinitperiod},
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}
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\strng{fullhash}{YCNT1}
\field{labelnamesource}{author}
\field{labeltitlesource}{title}
\field{sortinit}{Y}
\field{sortinithash}{Y}
\field{abstract}{%
This paper deals with formation control strategies based on Virtual
Structure (VS) for multi-vehicle systems. We propose several control laws for
networked multi-nonholonomic vehicle systems in order to achieve VS
consensus, VS Flocking and VS Flocking with collision-avoidance. First,
Virtual Vehicle for the feedback linearization is considered, and we propose
VS consensus and Flocking control laws based on a virtual structure and
consensus algorithms. Then, VS Flocking control law considering collision
avoidance is proposed and its asymptotical stability is proven. Finally,
simulation and experimental results show effectiveness of our proposed
approaches.%
}
\verb{doi}
\verb https://doi.org/10.3182/20080706-5-KR-1001.00865
\endverb
\field{issn}{1474-6670}
\field{note}{17th IFAC World Congress}
\field{number}{2}
\field{pages}{5149 \bibrangedash 5154}
\field{title}{Formation Control of Nonholonomic Multi-Vehicle Systems based
on Virtual Structure}
\verb{url}
\verb http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474667016397609
\endverb
\field{volume}{41}
\field{journaltitle}{IFAC Proceedings Volumes}
\field{year}{2008}
\endentry
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@ -56,9 +56,8 @@
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<file>authoryear-icomp.bbx</file>
<file>authoryear-icomp.cbx</file>
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<file>english.lbx</file>
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@ -35,11 +35,12 @@
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\title{Article Title} % Article title
\title{\Large\Judul} % Article title
\author{%
\textsc{John Smith}\thanks{A thank you or further information} \\[1ex] % Your name
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\textsc{\Penulis} \\[1ex] % Your name
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% \normalsize \href{mailto:john@smith.com}{john@smith.com} % Your email address
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@ -48,7 +49,16 @@
\date{\today} % Leave empty to omit a date
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\begin{abstract}
\noindent \blindtext % Dummy abstract text - replace \blindtext with your abstract text
% \noindent \blindtext % Dummy abstract text - replace \blindtext with your abstract text
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengembangkan algoritma kendali formasi berdasarkan jarak
pada multi mobile robot dimana setiap robot hanya bisa mendeteksi tetangganya saja.
Kendali formasi berdasarkan jarak diterapkan pada model holonomic mobile robot
menggunakan \textit{omniwheel}.
Algoritma \textit{cosinus} digunakan untuk menemukan koordinat tetangga
pada kondisi awal.
Hasil percobaan dibuktikan secara grafik dari perbandingan menggunakan algoritma dan tidak, bahwa
penerapan algoritma dapat mendeteksi koordinat tetangga pada kondisi awal
dan tidak mempengaruhi kendali formasi.
\end{abstract}
}
@ -62,82 +72,17 @@
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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% \blindtext % Dummy text
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% \toprule
% \multicolumn{2}{c}{Name} \\
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% First name & Last Name & Grade \\
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% Richard & Miles & $2$ \\
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% \begin{equation}
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%------------------------------------------------
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% A statement requiring citation \cite{Figueredo:2009dg}.
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INFO: YAML settings read: -y switch
Updating masterSettings with defaultIndent:
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@ -36,10 +36,8 @@
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@ -67,6 +65,8 @@
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@ -218,7 +218,20 @@
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@ -254,10 +267,6 @@
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@ -354,7 +363,8 @@
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@ -396,6 +406,28 @@
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@ -474,7 +506,22 @@
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